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gitlab-org--gitlab-foss/doc/administration/high_availability/gitlab.md

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---
type: reference
---
# Configuring GitLab for Scaling and High Availability
NOTE: **Note:** There is some additional configuration near the bottom for
additional GitLab application servers. It's important to read and understand
these additional steps before proceeding with GitLab installation.
NOTE: **Note:** [Cloud Object Storage service](object_storage.md) with [Gitaly](gitaly.md)
is recommended over [NFS](nfs.md) wherever possible for improved performance.
1. If necessary, install the NFS client utility packages using the following
commands:
```shell
# Ubuntu/Debian
apt-get install nfs-common
# CentOS/Red Hat
yum install nfs-utils nfs-utils-lib
```
1. Specify the necessary NFS shares. Mounts are specified in
`/etc/fstab`. The exact contents of `/etc/fstab` will depend on how you chose
to configure your NFS server. See [NFS documentation](nfs.md) for the various
options. Here is an example snippet to add to `/etc/fstab`:
```plaintext
10.1.0.1:/var/opt/gitlab/.ssh /var/opt/gitlab/.ssh nfs4 defaults,soft,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,noatime,nofail,lookupcache=positive 0 2
10.1.0.1:/var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/uploads /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/uploads nfs4 defaults,soft,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,noatime,nofail,lookupcache=positive 0 2
10.1.0.1:/var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared nfs4 defaults,soft,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,noatime,nofail,lookupcache=positive 0 2
10.1.0.1:/var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-ci/builds /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-ci/builds nfs4 defaults,soft,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,noatime,nofail,lookupcache=positive 0 2
10.1.0.1:/var/opt/gitlab/git-data /var/opt/gitlab/git-data nfs4 defaults,soft,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,noatime,nofail,lookupcache=positive 0 2
```
1. Create the shared directories. These may be different depending on your NFS
mount locations.
```shell
mkdir -p /var/opt/gitlab/.ssh /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/uploads /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-ci/builds /var/opt/gitlab/git-data
```
1. Download/install GitLab Omnibus using **steps 1 and 2** from
[GitLab downloads](https://about.gitlab.com/install/). Do not complete other
steps on the download page.
1. Create/edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and use the following configuration.
Be sure to change the `external_url` to match your eventual GitLab front-end
URL. Depending your the NFS configuration, you may need to change some GitLab
data locations. See [NFS documentation](nfs.md) for `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`
configuration values for various scenarios. The example below assumes you've
added NFS mounts in the default data locations. Additionally the UID and GIDs
given are just examples and you should configure with your preferred values.
```ruby
external_url 'https://gitlab.example.com'
# Prevent GitLab from starting if NFS data mounts are not available
high_availability['mountpoint'] = '/var/opt/gitlab/git-data'
# Disable components that will not be on the GitLab application server
roles ['application_role']
nginx['enable'] = true
# PostgreSQL connection details
gitlab_rails['db_adapter'] = 'postgresql'
gitlab_rails['db_encoding'] = 'unicode'
gitlab_rails['db_host'] = '10.1.0.5' # IP/hostname of database server
gitlab_rails['db_password'] = 'DB password'
# Redis connection details
gitlab_rails['redis_port'] = '6379'
gitlab_rails['redis_host'] = '10.1.0.6' # IP/hostname of Redis server
gitlab_rails['redis_password'] = 'Redis Password'
# Ensure UIDs and GIDs match between servers for permissions via NFS
user['uid'] = 9000
user['gid'] = 9000
web_server['uid'] = 9001
web_server['gid'] = 9001
registry['uid'] = 9002
registry['gid'] = 9002
```
1. [Enable monitoring](#enable-monitoring)
NOTE: **Note:** To maintain uniformity of links across HA clusters, the `external_url`
on the first application server as well as the additional application
servers should point to the external url that users will use to access GitLab.
In a typical HA setup, this will be the url of the load balancer which will
route traffic to all GitLab application servers in the HA cluster.
NOTE: **Note:** When you specify `https` in the `external_url`, as in the example
above, GitLab assumes you have SSL certificates in `/etc/gitlab/ssl/`. If
certificates are not present, NGINX will fail to start. See
[NGINX documentation](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/nginx.html#enable-https)
for more information.
NOTE: **Note:** It is best to set the `uid` and `gid`s prior to the initial reconfigure
of GitLab. Omnibus will not recursively `chown` directories if set after the initial reconfigure.
## First GitLab application server
On the first application server, run:
```shell
sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure
```
This should compile the configuration and initialize the database. Do
not run this on additional application servers until the next step.
## Extra configuration for additional GitLab application servers
Additional GitLab servers (servers configured **after** the first GitLab server)
need some extra configuration.
1. Configure shared secrets. These values can be obtained from the primary
GitLab server in `/etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json`. Copy this file to the
secondary servers **prior to** running the first `reconfigure` in the steps
above.
```ruby
gitlab_shell['secret_token'] = 'fbfb19c355066a9afb030992231c4a363357f77345edd0f2e772359e5be59b02538e1fa6cae8f93f7d23355341cea2b93600dab6d6c3edcdced558fc6d739860'
gitlab_rails['otp_key_base'] = 'b719fe119132c7810908bba18315259ed12888d4f5ee5430c42a776d840a396799b0a5ef0a801348c8a357f07aa72bbd58e25a84b8f247a25c72f539c7a6c5fa'
gitlab_rails['secret_key_base'] = '6e657410d57c71b4fc3ed0d694e7842b1895a8b401d812c17fe61caf95b48a6d703cb53c112bc01ebd197a85da81b18e29682040e99b4f26594772a4a2c98c6d'
gitlab_rails['db_key_base'] = 'bf2e47b68d6cafaef1d767e628b619365becf27571e10f196f98dc85e7771042b9203199d39aff91fcb6837c8ed83f2a912b278da50999bb11a2fbc0fba52964'
```
1. Run `touch /etc/gitlab/skip-auto-reconfigure` to prevent database migrations
from running on upgrade. Only the primary GitLab application server should
handle migrations.
1. **Recommended** Configure host keys. Copy the contents (primary and public keys) of `/etc/ssh/` on
the primary application server to `/etc/ssh` on all secondary servers. This
prevents false man-in-the-middle-attack alerts when accessing servers in your
High Availability cluster behind a load balancer.
1. Run `sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure` to compile the configuration.
## Enable Monitoring
> [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/issues/3786) in GitLab 12.0.
If you enable Monitoring, it must be enabled on **all** GitLab servers.
1. Make sure to collect [`CONSUL_SERVER_NODES`](database.md#consul-information), which are the IP addresses or DNS records of the Consul server nodes, for the next step. Note they are presented as `Y.Y.Y.Y consul1.gitlab.example.com Z.Z.Z.Z`
1. Create/edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and add the following configuration:
```ruby
# Enable service discovery for Prometheus
consul['enable'] = true
consul['monitoring_service_discovery'] = true
# Replace placeholders
# Y.Y.Y.Y consul1.gitlab.example.com Z.Z.Z.Z
# with the addresses of the Consul server nodes
consul['configuration'] = {
retry_join: %w(Y.Y.Y.Y consul1.gitlab.example.com Z.Z.Z.Z),
}
# Set the network addresses that the exporters will listen on
node_exporter['listen_address'] = '0.0.0.0:9100'
gitlab_workhorse['prometheus_listen_addr'] = '0.0.0.0:9229'
sidekiq['listen_address'] = "0.0.0.0"
unicorn['listen'] = '0.0.0.0'
# Add the monitoring node's IP address to the monitoring whitelist and allow it to
# scrape the NGINX metrics. Replace placeholder `monitoring.gitlab.example.com` with
# the address and/or subnets gathered from the monitoring node(s).
gitlab_rails['monitoring_whitelist'] = ['monitoring.gitlab.example.com', '127.0.0.0/8']
nginx['status']['options']['allow'] = ['monitoring.gitlab.example.com', '127.0.0.0/8']
```
1. Run `sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure` to compile the configuration.
CAUTION: **Warning:**
After changing `unicorn['listen']` in `gitlab.rb`, and running `sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure`,
it can take an extended period of time for Unicorn to complete reloading after receiving a `HUP`.
For more information, see the [issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/issues/4401).
## Troubleshooting
- `mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on`
You have not installed the necessary NFS client utilities. See step 1 above.
- `mount: mount point /var/opt/gitlab/... does not exist`
This particular directory does not exist on the NFS server. Ensure
the share is exported and exists on the NFS server and try to remount.
---
## Upgrading GitLab HA
GitLab HA installations can be upgraded with no downtime, but the
upgrade process must be carefully coordinated to avoid failures. See the
[Omnibus GitLab multi-node upgrade
document](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/update/#multi-node--ha-deployment)
for more details.
Read more on high-availability configuration:
1. [Configure the database](database.md)
1. [Configure Redis](redis.md)
1. [Configure NFS](nfs.md)
1. [Configure the load balancers](load_balancer.md)
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