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stage | group | info | type |
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Verify | Testing | To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments | reference, howto |
Jobs artifacts administration (FREE SELF)
This is the administration documentation. For the user guide see pipelines/job_artifacts.
Artifacts is a list of files and directories which are attached to a job after it finishes. This feature is enabled by default in all GitLab installations. Keep reading if you want to know how to disable it.
Disabling job artifacts
To disable artifacts site-wide, follow the steps below.
In Omnibus installations:
-
Edit
/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
and add the following line:gitlab_rails['artifacts_enabled'] = false
-
Save the file and reconfigure GitLab for the changes to take effect.
In installations from source:
-
Edit
/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml
and add or amend the following lines:artifacts: enabled: false
-
Save the file and restart GitLab for the changes to take effect.
Storing job artifacts
GitLab Runner can upload an archive containing the job artifacts to GitLab. By default,
this is done when the job succeeds, but can also be done on failure, or always, via the
artifacts:when
parameter.
Most artifacts are compressed by GitLab Runner before being sent to the coordinator. The exception to this is reports artifacts, which are compressed after uploading.
Using local storage
To change the location where the artifacts are stored locally, follow the steps below.
In Omnibus installations:
The artifacts are stored by default in
/var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared/artifacts
.
-
To change the storage path for example to
/mnt/storage/artifacts
, edit/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
and add the following line:gitlab_rails['artifacts_path'] = "/mnt/storage/artifacts"
-
Save the file and reconfigure GitLab for the changes to take effect.
In installations from source:
The artifacts are stored by default in
/home/git/gitlab/shared/artifacts
.
-
To change the storage path for example to
/mnt/storage/artifacts
, edit/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml
and add or amend the following lines:artifacts: enabled: true path: /mnt/storage/artifacts
-
Save the file and restart GitLab for the changes to take effect.
Using object storage
Introduced in GitLab 11.0: Support for
direct_upload
to S3.
If you don't want to use the local disk where GitLab is installed to store the artifacts, you can use an object storage like AWS S3 instead. This configuration relies on valid AWS credentials to be configured already. Use an object storage option like AWS S3 to store job artifacts.
If you configure GitLab to store artifacts on object storage, you may also want to eliminate local disk usage for job logs. In both cases, job logs are archived and moved to object storage when the job completes.
WARNING: In a multi-server setup you must use one of the options to eliminate local disk usage for job logs, or job logs could be lost.
Read more about using object storage with GitLab.
Object Storage Settings
NOTE: In GitLab 13.2 and later, we recommend using the consolidated object storage settings. This section describes the earlier configuration format.
For source installations the following settings are nested under artifacts:
and then object_store:
. On Omnibus GitLab installs they are prefixed by artifacts_object_store_
.
Setting | Default | Description |
---|---|---|
enabled |
false |
Enable or disable object storage. |
remote_directory |
The bucket name where Artifacts are stored. Use the name only, do not include the path. | |
direct_upload |
false |
Set to true to enable direct upload of Artifacts without the need of local shared storage. Option may be removed once we decide to support only single storage for all files. |
background_upload |
true |
Set to false to disable automatic upload. Option may be removed once upload is direct to S3. |
proxy_download |
false |
Set to true to enable proxying all files served. Option allows to reduce egress traffic as this allows clients to download directly from remote storage instead of proxying all data. |
connection |
Various connection options described below. |
Connection settings
See the available connection settings for different providers.
In Omnibus installations:
The artifacts are stored by default in
/var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared/artifacts
.
-
Edit
/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
and add the following lines, substituting the values you want:gitlab_rails['artifacts_enabled'] = true gitlab_rails['artifacts_object_store_enabled'] = true gitlab_rails['artifacts_object_store_remote_directory'] = "artifacts" gitlab_rails['artifacts_object_store_connection'] = { 'provider' => 'AWS', 'region' => 'eu-central-1', 'aws_access_key_id' => 'AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID', 'aws_secret_access_key' => 'AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY' }
NOTE: For GitLab 9.4+, if you're using AWS IAM profiles, be sure to omit the AWS access key and secret access key/value pairs. For example:
gitlab_rails['artifacts_object_store_connection'] = { 'provider' => 'AWS', 'region' => 'eu-central-1', 'use_iam_profile' => true }
-
Save the file and reconfigure GitLab for the changes to take effect.
-
Migrate any existing local artifacts to the object storage:
gitlab-rake gitlab:artifacts:migrate
-
Optional: Verify all files migrated properly. From PostgreSQL console (
sudo gitlab-psql -d gitlabhq_production
) verifyobjectstg
below (wherefile_store=2
) has count of all artifacts:gitlabhq_production=# SELECT count(*) AS total, sum(case when file_store = '1' then 1 else 0 end) AS filesystem, sum(case when file_store = '2' then 1 else 0 end) AS objectstg FROM ci_job_artifacts; total | filesystem | objectstg ------+------------+----------- 2409 | 0 | 2409
Verify no files on disk in
artifacts
folder:sudo find /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared/artifacts -type f | grep -v tmp/cache | wc -l
In some cases, you may need to run the orphan artifact file cleanup Rake task to clean up orphaned artifacts.
WARNING:
JUnit test report artifact (junit.xml.gz
) migration
was not supported until GitLab 12.8
by the gitlab:artifacts:migrate
script.
In installations from source:
The artifacts are stored by default in
/home/git/gitlab/shared/artifacts
.
-
Edit
/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml
and add or amend the following lines:artifacts: enabled: true object_store: enabled: true remote_directory: "artifacts" # The bucket name connection: provider: AWS # Only AWS supported at the moment aws_access_key_id: AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID aws_secret_access_key: AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY region: eu-central-1
-
Save the file and restart GitLab for the changes to take effect.
-
Migrate any existing local artifacts to the object storage:
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:artifacts:migrate RAILS_ENV=production
-
Optional: Verify all files migrated properly. From PostgreSQL console (
sudo -u git -H psql -d gitlabhq_production
) verifyobjectstg
below (wherefile_store=2
) has count of all artifacts:gitlabhq_production=# SELECT count(*) AS total, sum(case when file_store = '1' then 1 else 0 end) AS filesystem, sum(case when file_store = '2' then 1 else 0 end) AS objectstg FROM ci_job_artifacts; total | filesystem | objectstg ------+------------+----------- 2409 | 0 | 2409
Verify no files on disk in
artifacts
folder:sudo find /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared/artifacts -type f | grep -v tmp/cache | wc -l
In some cases, you may need to run the orphan artifact file cleanup Rake task to clean up orphaned artifacts.
WARNING:
JUnit test report artifact (junit.xml.gz
) migration
was not supported until GitLab 12.8
by the gitlab:artifacts:migrate
script.
OpenStack example
See the available connection settings for OpenStack.
In Omnibus installations:
The uploads are stored by default in
/var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared/artifacts
.
-
Edit
/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
and add the following lines, substituting the values you want:gitlab_rails['artifacts_enabled'] = true gitlab_rails['artifacts_object_store_enabled'] = true gitlab_rails['artifacts_object_store_remote_directory'] = "artifacts" gitlab_rails['artifacts_object_store_connection'] = { 'provider' => 'OpenStack', 'openstack_username' => 'OS_USERNAME', 'openstack_api_key' => 'OS_PASSWORD', 'openstack_temp_url_key' => 'OS_TEMP_URL_KEY', 'openstack_auth_url' => 'https://auth.cloud.ovh.net', 'openstack_region' => 'GRA', 'openstack_tenant_id' => 'OS_TENANT_ID', }
-
Save the file and reconfigure GitLab for the changes to take effect.
-
Migrate any existing local artifacts to the object storage:
gitlab-rake gitlab:artifacts:migrate
In installations from source:
The uploads are stored by default in
/home/git/gitlab/shared/artifacts
.
-
Edit
/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml
and add or amend the following lines:uploads: object_store: enabled: true direct_upload: false background_upload: true proxy_download: false remote_directory: "artifacts" connection: provider: OpenStack openstack_username: OS_USERNAME openstack_api_key: OS_PASSWORD openstack_temp_url_key: OS_TEMP_URL_KEY openstack_auth_url: 'https://auth.cloud.ovh.net' openstack_region: GRA openstack_tenant_id: OS_TENANT_ID
-
Save the file and restart GitLab for the changes to take effect.
-
Migrate any existing local artifacts to the object storage:
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:artifacts:migrate RAILS_ENV=production
Migrating from object storage to local storage
In Omnibus installations:
To migrate back to local storage:
- Set both
direct_upload
andbackground_upload
tofalse
ingitlab.rb
, under the artifacts object storage settings. - Reconfigure GitLab.
- Run
gitlab-rake gitlab:artifacts:migrate_to_local
. - Disable object_storage for artifacts in
gitlab.rb
:- Set
gitlab_rails['artifacts_object_store_enabled'] = false
. - Comment out all other
artifacts_object_store
settings, including the entireartifacts_object_store_connection
section, including the closing}
.
- Set
- Reconfigure GitLab.
Expiring artifacts
If artifacts:expire_in
is used to set
an expiry for the artifacts, they are marked for deletion right after that date passes.
Otherwise, they expire per the default artifacts expiration setting.
Artifacts are cleaned up by the expire_build_artifacts_worker
cron job which Sidekiq
runs every 7 minutes (*/7 * * * *
).
To change the default schedule on which the artifacts are expired, follow the steps below.
In Omnibus installations:
-
Edit
/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
and add the following line (or uncomment it if it already exists and is commented out), substituting your schedule in cron syntax:gitlab_rails['expire_build_artifacts_worker_cron'] = "*/7 * * * *"
-
Save the file and reconfigure GitLab for the changes to take effect.
In installations from source:
-
Edit
/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml
and add or amend the following lines:expire_build_artifacts_worker: cron: "*/7 * * * *"
-
Save the file and restart GitLab for the changes to take effect.
If the expire
directive is not set explicitly in your pipeline, artifacts expire per the
default artifacts expiration setting, which you can find in the CI/CD Administration settings.
Set the maximum file size of the artifacts
If artifacts are enabled, you can change the maximum file size of the artifacts through the Admin Area settings.
Storage statistics
You can see the total storage used for job artifacts on groups and projects in the administration area, as well as through the groups and projects APIs.
Implementation details
When GitLab receives an artifacts archive, an archive metadata file is also generated by GitLab Workhorse. This metadata file describes all the entries that are located in the artifacts archive itself. The metadata file is in a binary format, with additional Gzip compression.
GitLab doesn't extract the artifacts archive to save space, memory, and disk I/O. It instead inspects the metadata file which contains all the relevant information. This is especially important when there is a lot of artifacts, or an archive is a very large file.
When clicking on a specific file, GitLab Workhorse extracts it from the archive and the download begins. This implementation saves space, memory and disk I/O.
Troubleshooting
Job artifacts using too much disk space
Job artifacts can fill up your disk space quicker than expected. Some possible reasons are:
- Users have configured job artifacts expiration to be longer than necessary.
- The number of jobs run, and hence artifacts generated, is higher than expected.
- Job logs are larger than expected, and have accumulated over time.
In these and other cases, identify the projects most responsible for disk space usage, figure out what types of artifacts are using the most space, and in some cases, manually delete job artifacts to reclaim disk space.
One possible first step is to clean up orphaned artifact files.
List projects by total size of job artifacts stored
List the top 20 projects, sorted by the total size of job artifacts stored, by
running the following code in the Rails console (sudo gitlab-rails console
):
include ActionView::Helpers::NumberHelper
ProjectStatistics.order(build_artifacts_size: :desc).limit(20).each do |s|
puts "#{number_to_human_size(s.build_artifacts_size)} \t #{s.project.full_path}"
end
You can change the number of projects listed by modifying .limit(20)
to the
number you want.
List largest artifacts in a single project
List the 50 largest job artifacts in a single project by running the following
code in the Rails console (sudo gitlab-rails console
):
include ActionView::Helpers::NumberHelper
project = Project.find_by_full_path('path/to/project')
Ci::JobArtifact.where(project: project).order(size: :desc).limit(50).map { |a| puts "ID: #{a.id} - #{a.file_type}: #{number_to_human_size(a.size)}" }
You can change the number of job artifacts listed by modifying .limit(50)
to
the number you want.
List artifacts in a single project
List the artifacts for a single project, sorted by artifact size. The output includes the:
- ID of the job that created the artifact
- artifact size
- artifact file type
- artifact creation date
- on-disk location of the artifact
p = Project.find_by_id(:project ID)
arts = Ci::JobArtifact.where(project: p)
list = arts.order('sort DESC').limit(50).each do |art|
puts "Job ID: #{art.job_id} - Size: #{art.size}b - Type: #{art.file_type} - Created: #{art.created_at} - File loc: #{art.file}"
end
To change the number of projects listed, change the number in limit(50)
.
Delete job artifacts from jobs completed before a specific date
WARNING: These commands remove data permanently from the database and from disk. We highly recommend running them only under the guidance of a Support Engineer, or running them in a test environment with a backup of the instance ready to be restored, just in case.
If you need to manually remove job artifacts associated with multiple jobs while
retaining their job logs, this can be done from the Rails console (sudo gitlab-rails console
):
-
Select jobs to be deleted:
To select all jobs with artifacts for a single project:
project = Project.find_by_full_path('path/to/project') builds_with_artifacts = project.builds.with_downloadable_artifacts
To select all jobs with artifacts across the entire GitLab instance:
builds_with_artifacts = Ci::Build.with_downloadable_artifacts
-
Delete job artifacts older than a specific date:
NOTE: This step also erases artifacts that users have chosen to "keep".
builds_to_clear = builds_with_artifacts.where("finished_at < ?", 1.week.ago) builds_to_clear.find_each do |build| build.artifacts_expire_at = Time.now build.erase_erasable_artifacts! end
1.week.ago
is a RailsActiveSupport::Duration
method which calculates a new date or time in the past. Other valid examples are:7.days.ago
3.months.ago
1.year.ago
erase_erasable_artifacts!
is a synchronous method, and upon execution, the artifacts are removed immediately. They are not scheduled via some background queue.
Delete job artifacts and logs from jobs completed before a specific date
WARNING: These commands remove data permanently from the database and from disk. We highly recommend running them only under the guidance of a Support Engineer, or running them in a test environment with a backup of the instance ready to be restored, just in case.
If you need to manually remove all job artifacts associated with multiple jobs,
including job logs, this can be done from the Rails console (sudo gitlab-rails console
):
-
Select jobs to be deleted:
To select jobs with artifacts for a single project:
project = Project.find_by_full_path('path/to/project') builds_with_artifacts = project.builds.with_existing_job_artifacts(Ci::JobArtifact.trace)
To select jobs with artifacts across the entire GitLab instance:
builds_with_artifacts = Ci::Build.with_existing_job_artifacts(Ci::JobArtifact.trace)
-
Select the user which is mentioned in the web UI as erasing the job:
admin_user = User.find_by(username: 'username')
-
Erase job artifacts and logs older than a specific date:
builds_to_clear = builds_with_artifacts.where("finished_at < ?", 1.week.ago) builds_to_clear.find_each do |build| print "Ci::Build ID #{build.id}... " if build.erasable? build.erase(erased_by: admin_user) puts "Erased" else puts "Skipped (Nothing to erase or not erasable)" end end
1.week.ago
is a RailsActiveSupport::Duration
method which calculates a new date or time in the past. Other valid examples are:7.days.ago
3.months.ago
1.year.ago
Error Downloading artifacts from coordinator... not found
When a job tries to download artifacts from an earlier job, you might receive an error similar to:
Downloading artifacts from coordinator... not found id=12345678 responseStatus=404 Not Found
This might be caused by a gitlab.rb
file with the following configuration:
gitlab_rails['artifacts_object_store_background_upload'] = false
gitlab_rails['artifacts_object_store_direct_upload'] = true
To prevent this, comment out or remove those lines, or switch to their default values,
then run sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure
.
Job artifact upload fails with error 500
If you are using object storage for artifacts and a job artifact fails to upload, you can check:
-
The job log for an error similar to:
WARNING: Uploading artifacts as "archive" to coordinator... failed id=12345 responseStatus=500 Internal Server Error status=500 token=abcd1234
-
The workhorse log for an error similar to:
{"error":"MissingRegion: could not find region configuration","level":"error","msg":"error uploading S3 session","time":"2021-03-16T22:10:55-04:00"}
In both cases, you might need to add region
to the job artifact object storage configuration.