169 lines
8.1 KiB
Markdown
169 lines
8.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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stage: Release
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group: Release
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info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
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type: howto, reference
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---
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# Deploy Boards **(FREE)**
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> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1589) in [GitLab Premium](https://about.gitlab.com/pricing/) 9.0.
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> - [Moved](<https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/212320>) to GitLab Free in 13.8.
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GitLab Deploy Boards offer a consolidated view of the current health and
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status of each CI [environment](../../ci/environments/index.md) running on [Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io), displaying the status
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of the pods in the deployment. Developers and other teammates can view the
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progress and status of a rollout, pod by pod, in the workflow they already use
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without any need to access Kubernetes.
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NOTE:
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If you have a Kubernetes cluster, you can Auto Deploy applications to production
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environments by using [Auto DevOps](../../topics/autodevops/index.md).
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## Overview
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With Deploy Boards you can gain more insight into deploys with benefits such as:
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- Following a deploy from the start, not just when it's done
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- Watching the rollout of a build across multiple servers
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- Finer state detail (Succeeded, Running, Failed, Pending, Unknown)
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- See [Canary Deployments](canary_deployments.md)
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Here's an example of a Deploy Board of the production environment.
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The squares represent pods in your Kubernetes cluster that are associated with
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the given environment. Hovering above each square you can see the state of a
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deploy rolling out. The percentage is the percent of the pods that are updated
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to the latest release.
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Since Deploy Boards are tightly coupled with Kubernetes, there is some required
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knowledge. In particular, you should be familiar with:
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- [Kubernetes pods](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/)
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- [Kubernetes labels](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/)
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- [Kubernetes namespaces](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/namespaces/)
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- [Kubernetes canary deployments](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/manage-deployment/#canary-deployments)
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In GitLab 13.5 and earlier, apps that consist of multiple deployments are shown as
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duplicates on the deploy board. This is [fixed](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/8463)
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in GitLab 13.6.
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## Use cases
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Since the Deploy Board is a visual representation of the Kubernetes pods for a
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specific environment, there are a lot of use cases. To name a few:
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- You want to promote what's running in staging, to production. You go to the
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environments list, verify that what's running in staging is what you think is
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running, then click on the [manual action](../../ci/yaml/README.md#whenmanual) to deploy to production.
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- You trigger a deploy, and you have many containers to upgrade so you know
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this takes a while (you've also throttled your deploy to only take down X
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containers at a time). But you need to tell someone when it's deployed, so you
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go to the environments list, look at the production environment to see what
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the progress is in real-time as each pod is rolled.
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- You get a report that something is weird in production, so you look at the
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production environment to see what is running, and if a deploy is ongoing or
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stuck or failed.
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- You've got an MR that looks good, but you want to run it on staging because
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staging is set up in some way closer to production. You go to the environment
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list, find the [Review App](../../ci/review_apps/index.md) you're interested in, and click the
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manual action to deploy it to staging.
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## Enabling Deploy Boards
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To display the Deploy Boards for a specific [environment](../../ci/environments/index.md) you should:
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1. Have [defined an environment](../../ci/environments/index.md#defining-environments) with a deploy stage.
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1. Have a Kubernetes cluster up and running.
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NOTE:
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If you're using OpenShift, ensure that you're using the `Deployment` resource
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instead of `DeploymentConfiguration`. Otherwise, the Deploy Boards don't render
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correctly. For more information, read the
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[OpenShift docs](https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/3.7/dev_guide/deployments/kubernetes_deployments.html#kubernetes-deployments-vs-deployment-configurations)
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and [GitLab issue #4584](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/4584).
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1. [Configure GitLab Runner](../../ci/runners/README.md) with the [`docker`](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/docker.html) or
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[`kubernetes`](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/kubernetes.html) executor.
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1. Configure the [Kubernetes integration](clusters/index.md) in your project for the
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cluster. The Kubernetes namespace is of particular note as you need it
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for your deployment scripts (exposed by the `KUBE_NAMESPACE` environment variable).
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1. Ensure Kubernetes annotations of `app.gitlab.com/env: $CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG`
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and `app.gitlab.com/app: $CI_PROJECT_PATH_SLUG` are applied to the
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deployments, replica sets, and pods, where `$CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG` and
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`$CI_PROJECT_PATH_SLUG` are the values of the CI variables. This is so we can
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lookup the proper environment in a cluster/namespace which may have more
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than one. These resources should be contained in the namespace defined in
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the Kubernetes service setting. You can use an [Auto deploy](../../topics/autodevops/stages.md#auto-deploy) `.gitlab-ci.yml`
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template which has predefined stages and commands to use, and automatically
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applies the annotations. Each project must have a unique namespace in
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Kubernetes as well. The image below demonstrates how this is shown inside
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Kubernetes.
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NOTE:
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Matching based on the Kubernetes `app` label was removed in [GitLab
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12.1](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/14020).
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To migrate, please apply the required annotations (see above) and
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re-deploy your application. If you are using Auto DevOps, this will
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be done automatically and no action is necessary.
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If you use GCP to manage clusters, you can see the deployment details in GCP itself by navigating to **Workloads > deployment name > Details**:
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Once all of the above are set up and the pipeline has run at least once,
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navigate to the environments page under **Operations > Environments**.
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Deploy Boards are visible by default. You can explicitly click
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the triangle next to their respective environment name in order to hide them.
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### Example manifest file
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The following example is an extract of a Kubernetes manifest deployment file, using the two annotations `app.gitlab.com/env` and `app.gitlab.com/app` to enable the **Deploy Boards**:
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```yaml
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apiVersion: apps/v1
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kind: Deployment
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metadata:
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name: "APPLICATION_NAME"
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annotations:
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app.gitlab.com/app: ${CI_PROJECT_PATH_SLUG}
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app.gitlab.com/env: ${CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG}
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spec:
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replicas: 1
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selector:
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matchLabels:
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app: "APPLICATION_NAME"
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template:
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metadata:
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labels:
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app: "APPLICATION_NAME"
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annotations:
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app.gitlab.com/app: ${CI_PROJECT_PATH_SLUG}
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app.gitlab.com/env: ${CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG}
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```
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The annotations are applied to the deployments, replica sets, and pods. By changing the number of replicas, like `kubectl scale --replicas=3 deploy APPLICATION_NAME -n ${KUBE_NAMESPACE}`, you can follow the instances' pods from the board.
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NOTE:
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The YAML file is static. If you apply it using `kubectl apply`, you must
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manually provide the project and environment slugs, or create a script to
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replace the variables in the YAML before applying.
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## Canary Deployments
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A popular CI strategy, where a small portion of the fleet is updated to the new
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version of your application.
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[Read more about Canary Deployments.](canary_deployments.md)
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## Further reading
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- [GitLab Auto deploy](../../topics/autodevops/stages.md#auto-deploy)
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- [GitLab CI/CD environment variables](../../ci/variables/README.md)
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- [Environments and deployments](../../ci/environments/index.md)
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- [Kubernetes deploy example](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-examples/kubernetes-deploy)
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