122 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
122 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
# Start using Git on the command line
|
||
|
||
If you want to start using a Git and GitLab, make sure that you have created an
|
||
account on GitLab.
|
||
|
||
## Open a shell
|
||
|
||
Depending on your operating system, find the shell of your preference. Here are some suggestions.
|
||
|
||
- [Terminal](http://blog.teamtreehouse.com/introduction-to-the-mac-os-x-command-line) on Mac OSX
|
||
|
||
- [GitBash](https://msysgit.github.io) on Windows
|
||
|
||
- [Linux Terminal](http://www.howtogeek.com/140679/beginner-geek-how-to-start-using-the-linux-terminal/) on Linux
|
||
|
||
## Check if Git has already been installed
|
||
|
||
Git is usually preinstalled on Mac and Linux.
|
||
|
||
Type the following command and then press enter:
|
||
```
|
||
git --version
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
You should receive a message that will tell you which Git version you have in your computer. If you don’t receive a "Git version" message, it means that you need to [download Git](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-Installing-Git).
|
||
|
||
If Git doesn't automatically download, there's an option on the website to [download manually](https://git-scm.com/downloads). Then follow the steps on the installation window.
|
||
|
||
After you finished installing, open a new shell and type "git --version" again to verify that it was correctly installed.
|
||
|
||
## Add your Git username and set your email
|
||
|
||
It is important because every Git commit that you create will use this information.
|
||
|
||
On your shell, type the following command to add your username:
|
||
```
|
||
git config --global user.name ADD YOUR USERNAME
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Then verify that you have the correct username:
|
||
```
|
||
git config --global user.name
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
To set your email address, type the following command:
|
||
```
|
||
git config --global user.email ADD YOUR EMAIL
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
To verify that you entered your email correctly, type:
|
||
```
|
||
git config --global user.email
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
You'll need to do this only once because you are using the "--global" option. It tells Git to always use this information for anything you do on that system. If you want to override this with a different username or email address for specific projects, you can run the command without the "--global" option when you’re in that project.
|
||
|
||
## Check your information
|
||
|
||
To view the information that you entered, type:
|
||
```
|
||
git config --global --list
|
||
```
|
||
## Basic Git commands
|
||
|
||
### Go to the master branch to pull the latest changes from there
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
git checkout master
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Download the latest changes in the project
|
||
This is for you to work on an up-to-date copy (it is important to do every time you work on a project), while you setup tracking branches.
|
||
```
|
||
git pull REMOTE NAME-OF-BRANCH -u
|
||
```
|
||
(REMOTE: origin) (NAME-OF-BRANCH: could be "master" or an existing branch)
|
||
|
||
### Create a branch
|
||
Spaces won't be recognized, so you need to use a hyphen or underscore.
|
||
```
|
||
git checkout -b NAME-OF-BRANCH
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Work on a branch that has already been created
|
||
```
|
||
git checkout NAME-OF-BRANCH
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### View the changes you've made
|
||
It's important to be aware of what's happening and what's the status of your changes.
|
||
```
|
||
git status
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Add changes to commit
|
||
You'll see your changes in red when you type "git status".
|
||
```
|
||
git add CHANGES IN RED
|
||
git commit -m "DESCRIBE THE INTENTION OF THE COMMIT"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Send changes to gitlab.com
|
||
```
|
||
git push REMOTE NAME-OF-BRANCH
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Delete all changes in the Git repository, but leave unstaged things
|
||
```
|
||
git checkout .
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Delete all changes in the Git repository, including untracked files
|
||
```
|
||
git clean -f
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Merge created branch with master branch
|
||
You need to be in the created branch.
|
||
```
|
||
git checkout NAME-OF-BRANCH
|
||
git merge master
|
||
```
|