427 lines
28 KiB
Markdown
427 lines
28 KiB
Markdown
---
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description: 'Understand and explore the user permission levels in GitLab, and what features each of them grants you access to.'
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---
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# Permissions
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Users have different abilities depending on the access level they have in a
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particular group or project. If a user is both in a group's project and the
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project itself, the highest permission level is used.
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On public and internal projects the Guest role is not enforced. All users will
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be able to create issues, leave comments, and clone or download the project code.
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When a member leaves a team's project, all the assigned [Issues](project/issues/index.md) and [Merge Requests](project/merge_requests/index.md)
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will be unassigned automatically.
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GitLab [administrators](../administration/index.md) receive all permissions.
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To add or import a user, you can follow the
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[project members documentation](project/members/index.md).
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For information on eligible approvers for Merge Requests, see
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[Eligible approvers](project/merge_requests/merge_request_approvals.md#eligible-approvers).
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## Principles behind permissions
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See our [product handbook on permissions](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/product/#permissions-in-gitlab)
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## Instance-wide user permissions
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By default, users can create top-level groups and change their
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usernames. A GitLab administrator can configure the GitLab instance to
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[modify this behavior](../administration/user_settings.md).
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## Project members permissions
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NOTE: **Note:**
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In GitLab 11.0, the Master role was renamed to Maintainer.
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While Maintainer is the highest project-level role, some actions can only be performed by a personal namespace or group owner.
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The following table depicts the various user permission levels in a project.
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| Action | Guest | Reporter | Developer |Maintainer| Owner |
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|---------------------------------------------------|---------|------------|-------------|----------|--------|
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| Download project | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Leave comments | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View Insights charts **(ULTIMATE)** | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View approved/blacklisted licenses **(ULTIMATE)** | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View License Compliance reports **(ULTIMATE)** | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View Security reports **(ULTIMATE)** | ✓ (*3*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View Dependency list **(ULTIMATE)** | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View licenses in Dependency list **(ULTIMATE)** | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View [Design Management](project/issues/design_management.md) pages **(PREMIUM)** | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View project code | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Pull project code | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View GitLab Pages protected by [access control](project/pages/introduction.md#gitlab-pages-access-control-core) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View wiki pages | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| See a list of jobs | ✓ (*3*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| See a job log | ✓ (*3*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Download and browse job artifacts | ✓ (*3*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create new issue | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| See related issues | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create confidential issue | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View confidential issues | (*2*) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Assign issues | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Label issues | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Lock issue threads | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage issue tracker | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage related issues **(STARTER)** | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage labels | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create code snippets | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| See a commit status | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| See a container registry | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| See environments | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| See a list of merge requests | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View project statistics | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View Error Tracking list | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Pull from [Conan repository](packages/conan_repository/index.md), [Maven repository](packages/maven_repository/index.md), or [NPM registry](packages/npm_registry/index.md) **(PREMIUM)** | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Publish to [Conan repository](packages/conan_repository/index.md), [Maven repository](packages/maven_repository/index.md), or [NPM registry](packages/npm_registry/index.md) **(PREMIUM)** | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Upload [Design Management](project/issues/design_management.md) files **(PREMIUM)** | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create new branches | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Push to non-protected branches | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Force push to non-protected branches | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Remove non-protected branches | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create new merge request | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Assign merge requests | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Label merge requests | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Lock merge request threads | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage/Accept merge requests | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create new environments | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Stop environments | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Add tags | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Cancel and retry jobs | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create or update commit status | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Update a container registry | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Remove a container registry image | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create/edit/delete project milestones | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Use security dashboard **(ULTIMATE)** | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View vulnerabilities in Dependency list **(ULTIMATE)** | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create issue from vulnerability **(ULTIMATE)** | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Dismiss vulnerability **(ULTIMATE)** | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Apply code change suggestions | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create and edit wiki pages | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Rewrite/remove Git tags | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Use environment terminals | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Run Web IDE's Interactive Web Terminals **(ULTIMATE ONLY)** | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Add new team members | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Enable/disable branch protection | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Push to protected branches | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Turn on/off protected branch push for devs | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Enable/disable tag protections | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Edit project | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Add deploy keys to project | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Configure project hooks | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage Runners | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage job triggers | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage variables | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage GitLab Pages | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage GitLab Pages domains and certificates | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Remove GitLab Pages | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage clusters | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage license policy **(ULTIMATE)** | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Edit comments (posted by any user) | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage Error Tracking | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Delete wiki pages | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View project Audit Events | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage [push rules](../push_rules/push_rules.md) | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Switch visibility level | | | | | ✓ |
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| Transfer project to another namespace | | | | | ✓ |
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| Remove project | | | | | ✓ |
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| Delete issues | | | | | ✓ |
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| Disable notification emails | | | | | ✓ |
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| Force push to protected branches (*4*) | | | | | |
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| Remove protected branches (*4*) | | | | | |
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- (*1*): Guest users are able to perform this action on public and internal projects, but not private projects.
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- (*2*): Guest users can only view the confidential issues they created themselves
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- (*3*): If **Public pipelines** is enabled in **Project Settings > CI/CD**
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- (*4*): Not allowed for Guest, Reporter, Developer, Maintainer, or Owner. See [Protected Branches](./project/protected_branches.md).
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## Project features permissions
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### Wiki and issues
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Project features like wiki and issues can be hidden from users depending on
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which visibility level you select on project settings.
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- Disabled: disabled for everyone
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- Only team members: only team members will see even if your project is public or internal
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- Everyone with access: everyone can see depending on your project visibility level
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- Everyone: enabled for everyone (only available for GitLab Pages)
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### Protected branches
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Additional restrictions can be applied on a per-branch basis with [protected branches](project/protected_branches.md).
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Additionally, you can customize permissions to allow or prevent project
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Maintainers and Developers from pushing to a protected branch. Read through the documentation on
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[Allowed to Merge and Allowed to Push settings](project/protected_branches.md#using-the-allowed-to-merge-and-allowed-to-push-settings)
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to learn more.
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### Cycle Analytics permissions
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Find the current permissions on the Cycle Analytics dashboard on
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the [documentation on Cycle Analytics permissions](analytics/cycle_analytics.md#permissions).
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### Issue Board permissions
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Developers and users with higher permission level can use all
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the functionality of the Issue Board, that is create/delete lists
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and drag issues around. Read though the
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[documentation on Issue Boards permissions](project/issue_board.md#permissions)
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to learn more.
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### File Locking permissions **(PREMIUM)**
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The user that locks a file or directory is the only one that can edit and push their changes back to the repository where the locked objects are located.
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Read through the documentation on [permissions for File Locking](project/file_lock.md#permissions-on-file-locking) to learn more.
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### Confidential Issues permissions
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Confidential issues can be accessed by reporters and higher permission levels,
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as well as by guest users that create a confidential issue. To learn more,
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read through the documentation on [permissions and access to confidential issues](project/issues/confidential_issues.md#permissions-and-access-to-confidential-issues).
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### Releases permissions
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[Project Releases](project/releases/index.md) can be read by project
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members with Reporter, Developer, Maintainer, and Owner permissions.
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Guest users can access Release pages for downloading assets but
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are not allowed to download the source code nor see repository
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information such as tags and commits.
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Releases can be created, updated, or deleted via [Releases APIs](../api/releases/index.md)
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by project Developers, Maintainers, and Owners.
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## Group members permissions
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NOTE: **Note:**
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In GitLab 11.0, the Master role was renamed to Maintainer.
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Any user can remove themselves from a group, unless they are the last Owner of
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the group. The following table depicts the various user permission levels in a
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group.
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| Action | Guest | Reporter | Developer | Maintainer | Owner |
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|--------------------------------------------------------|-------|----------|-----------|------------|-------|
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| Browse group | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View Insights charts **(ULTIMATE)** | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| View group epic **(ULTIMATE)** | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create/edit group epic **(ULTIMATE)** | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Manage group labels | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create project in group | | | ✓ (3) | ✓ (3) | ✓ (3) |
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| Create/edit/delete group milestones | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Enable/disable a dependency proxy **(PREMIUM)** | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Use security dashboard **(ULTIMATE)** | | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create subgroup | | | | ✓ (1) | ✓ |
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| Edit group | | | | | ✓ |
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| Manage group members | | | | | ✓ |
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| Remove group | | | | | ✓ |
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| Delete group epic **(ULTIMATE)** | | | | | ✓ |
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| Edit epic comments (posted by any user) **(ULTIMATE)** | | | | ✓ (2) | ✓ (2) |
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| View group Audit Events | | | | | ✓ |
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| Disable notification emails | | | | | ✓ |
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| View/manage group-level Kubernetes cluster | | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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- (1): Groups can be set to [allow either Owners or Owners and
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Maintainers to create subgroups](group/subgroups/index.md#creating-a-subgroup)
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- (2): Introduced in GitLab 12.2.
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- (3): Default project creation role can be changed at:
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- The [instance level](admin_area/settings/visibility_and_access_controls.md#default-project-creation-protection).
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- The [group level](group/index.html#default-project-creation-level).
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### Subgroup permissions
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When you add a member to a subgroup, they inherit the membership and
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permission level from the parent group. This model allows access to
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nested groups if you have membership in one of its parents.
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To learn more, read through the documentation on
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[subgroups memberships](group/subgroups/index.md#membership).
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## External users **(CORE ONLY)**
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In cases where it is desired that a user has access only to some internal or
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private projects, there is the option of creating **External Users**. This
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feature may be useful when for example a contractor is working on a given
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project and should only have access to that project.
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External users:
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- Cannot create groups or projects.
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- Can only access projects to which they are explicitly granted access,
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thus hiding all other internal or private ones from them (like being
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logged out).
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Access can be granted by adding the user as member to the project or group.
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They will, like usual users, receive a role in the project or group with all
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the abilities that are mentioned in the [permissions table above](#project-members-permissions).
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For example, if an external user is added as Guest, and your project is
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private, they will not have access to the code; you would need to grant the external
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user access at the Reporter level or above if you want them to have access to the code. You should
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always take into account the
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[project's visibility and permissions settings](project/settings/index.md#sharing-and-permissions)
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as well as the permission level of the user.
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NOTE: **Note:**
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External users still count towards a license seat.
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An administrator can flag a user as external by either of the following methods:
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- Either [through the API](../api/users.md#user-modification).
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- Or by navigating to the **Admin area > Overview > Users** to create a new user
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or edit an existing one. There, you will find the option to flag the user as
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external.
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### Setting new users to external
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By default, new users are not set as external users. This behavior can be changed
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by an administrator under the **Admin Area > Settings > General > Account and limit** page.
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If you change the default behavior of creating new users as external, you will
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have the option to narrow it down by defining a set of internal users.
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The **Internal users** field allows specifying an email address regex pattern to
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identify default internal users. New users whose email address matches the regex
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pattern will be set to internal by default rather than an external collaborator.
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The regex pattern format is Ruby, but it needs to be convertible to JavaScript,
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and the ignore case flag will be set (`/regex pattern/i`). Here are some examples:
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- Use `\.internal@domain\.com$` to mark email addresses ending with
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`.internal@domain.com` as internal.
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- Use `^(?:(?!\.ext@domain\.com).)*$\r?` to mark users with email addresses
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NOT including `.ext@domain.com` as internal.
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CAUTION: **Warning:**
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Be aware that this regex could lead to a
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[regular expression denial of service (ReDoS) attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ReDoS).
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## Free Guest users **(ULTIMATE)**
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When a user is given Guest permissions on a project, group, or both, and holds no
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higher permission level on any other project or group on the GitLab instance,
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the user is considered a guest user by GitLab and will not consume a license seat.
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There is no other specific "guest" designation for newly created users.
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If the user is assigned a higher role on any projects or groups, the user will
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take a license seat. If a user creates a project, the user becomes a Maintainer
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on the project, resulting in the use of a license seat. Also, note that if your
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project is internal or private, Guest users will have all the abilities that are
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mentioned in the [permissions table above](#project-members-permissions) (they
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will not be able to browse the project's repository for example).
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TIP: **Tip:**
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To prevent a guest user from creating projects, as an admin, you can edit the
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user's profile to mark the user as [external](#external-users-core-only).
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Beware though that even if a user is external, if they already have Reporter or
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higher permissions in any project or group, they will **not** be counted as a
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free guest user.
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## Auditor users **(PREMIUM ONLY)**
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>[Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/merge_requests/998) in [GitLab Premium](https://about.gitlab.com/pricing/) 8.17.
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Auditor users are given read-only access to all projects, groups, and other
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resources on the GitLab instance.
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An Auditor user should be able to access all projects and groups of a GitLab instance
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with the permissions described on the documentation on [auditor users permissions](../administration/auditor_users.md#permissions-and-restrictions-of-an-auditor-user).
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[Read more about Auditor users.](../administration/auditor_users.md)
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## Project features
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Project features like wiki and issues can be hidden from users depending on
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which visibility level you select on project settings.
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- Disabled: disabled for everyone
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- Only team members: only team members will see even if your project is public or internal
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- Everyone with access: everyone can see depending on your project visibility level
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- Everyone: enabled for everyone (only available for GitLab Pages)
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## GitLab CI/CD permissions
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NOTE: **Note:**
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In GitLab 11.0, the Master role was renamed to Maintainer.
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GitLab CI/CD permissions rely on the role the user has in GitLab. There are four
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permission levels in total:
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- admin
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- maintainer
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- developer
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- guest/reporter
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The admin user can perform any action on GitLab CI/CD in scope of the GitLab
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instance and project. In addition, all admins can use the admin interface under
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`/admin/runners`.
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| Action | Guest, Reporter | Developer |Maintainer| Admin |
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|---------------------------------------|-----------------|-------------|----------|--------|
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| See commits and jobs | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Retry or cancel job | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Erase job artifacts and trace | | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Remove project | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Create project | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Change project configuration | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Add specific runners | | | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Add shared runners | | | | ✓ |
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| See events in the system | | | | ✓ |
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| Admin interface | | | | ✓ |
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- *1*: Only if the job was triggered by the user
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### Job permissions
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NOTE: **Note:**
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In GitLab 11.0, the Master role was renamed to Maintainer.
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>**Note:**
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GitLab 8.12 has a completely redesigned job permissions system.
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Read all about the [new model and its implications](project/new_ci_build_permissions_model.md).
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This table shows granted privileges for jobs triggered by specific types of
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users:
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| Action | Guest, Reporter | Developer |Maintainer| Admin |
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|---------------------------------------------|-----------------|-------------|----------|---------|
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| Run CI job | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Clone source and LFS from current project | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Clone source and LFS from public projects | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Clone source and LFS from internal projects | | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ |
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| Clone source and LFS from private projects | | ✓ (*2*) | ✓ (*2*) | ✓ (*2*) |
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| Pull container images from current project | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Pull container images from public projects | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Pull container images from internal projects| | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ (*1*) | ✓ |
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| Pull container images from private projects | | ✓ (*2*) | ✓ (*2*) | ✓ (*2*) |
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| Push container images to current project | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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| Push container images to other projects | | | | |
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| Push source and LFS | | | | |
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- *1*: Only if the user is not an external one
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- *2*: Only if the user is a member of the project
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### New CI job permissions model
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GitLab 8.12 has a completely redesigned job permissions system. To learn more,
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read through the documentation on the [new CI/CD permissions model](project/new_ci_build_permissions_model.md#new-ci-job-permissions-model).
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## Running pipelines on protected branches
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The permission to merge or push to protected branches is used to define if a user can
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run CI/CD pipelines and execute actions on jobs that are related to those branches.
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See [Security on protected branches](../ci/pipelines.md#security-on-protected-branches)
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for details about the pipelines security model.
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## LDAP users permissions
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Since GitLab 8.15, LDAP user permissions can now be manually overridden by an admin user.
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Read through the documentation on [LDAP users permissions](../administration/auth/how_to_configure_ldap_gitlab_ee/index.html) to learn more.
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## Project aliases
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Project aliases can only be read, created and deleted by a GitLab administrator.
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Read through the documentation on [Project aliases](../user/project/index.md#project-aliases-premium-only) to learn more.
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