156 lines
9.1 KiB
Markdown
156 lines
9.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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stage: none
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group: unassigned
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info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/product/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
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---
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# File Storage in GitLab
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We use the [CarrierWave](https://github.com/carrierwaveuploader/carrierwave) gem to handle file upload, store and retrieval.
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File uploads should be accelerated by workhorse, for details please refer to [uploads development documentation](uploads/index.md).
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There are many places where file uploading is used, according to contexts:
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- System
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- Instance Logo (logo visible in sign in/sign up pages)
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- Header Logo (one displayed in the navigation bar)
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- Group
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- Group avatars
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- User
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- User avatars
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- User snippet attachments
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- Project
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- Project avatars
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- Issues/MR/Notes Markdown attachments
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- Issues/MR/Notes Legacy Markdown attachments
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- CI Artifacts (archive, metadata, trace)
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- LFS Objects
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- Merge request diffs
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- Design Management design thumbnails
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- Topic
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- Topic avatars
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## Disk storage
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GitLab started saving everything on local disk. While directory location changed from previous versions,
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they are still not 100% standardized. You can see them below:
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| Description | In DB? | Relative path (from CarrierWave.root) | Uploader class | model_type |
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| ------------------------------------- | ------ | ----------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------- |
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| Instance logo | yes | `uploads/-/system/appearance/logo/:id/:filename` | `AttachmentUploader` | Appearance |
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| Header logo | yes | `uploads/-/system/appearance/header_logo/:id/:filename` | `AttachmentUploader` | Appearance |
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| Group avatars | yes | `uploads/-/system/group/avatar/:id/:filename` | `AvatarUploader` | Group |
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| User avatars | yes | `uploads/-/system/user/avatar/:id/:filename` | `AvatarUploader` | User |
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| User snippet attachments | yes | `uploads/-/system/personal_snippet/:id/:random_hex/:filename` | `PersonalFileUploader` | Snippet |
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| Project avatars | yes | `uploads/-/system/project/avatar/:id/:filename` | `AvatarUploader` | Project |
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| Topic avatars | yes | `uploads/-/system/projects/topic/avatar/:id/:filename` | `AvatarUploader` | Topic |
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| Issues/MR/Notes Markdown attachments | yes | `uploads/:project_path_with_namespace/:random_hex/:filename` | `FileUploader` | Project |
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| Issues/MR/Notes Legacy Markdown attachments | no | `uploads/-/system/note/attachment/:id/:filename` | `AttachmentUploader` | Note |
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| Design Management design thumbnails | yes | `uploads/-/system/design_management/action/image_v432x230/:id/:filename` | `DesignManagement::DesignV432x230Uploader` | DesignManagement::Action |
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| CI Artifacts (CE) | yes | `shared/artifacts/:disk_hash[0..1]/:disk_hash[2..3]/:disk_hash/:year_:month_:date/:job_id/:job_artifact_id` (`:disk_hash` is SHA256 digest of `project_id`) | `JobArtifactUploader` | Ci::JobArtifact |
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| LFS Objects (CE) | yes | `shared/lfs-objects/:hex/:hex/:object_hash` | `LfsObjectUploader` | LfsObject |
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| External merge request diffs | yes | `shared/external-diffs/merge_request_diffs/mr-:parent_id/diff-:id` | `ExternalDiffUploader` | MergeRequestDiff |
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| Issuable metric images | yes | `uploads/-/system/issuable_metric_image/file/:id/:filename` | `IssuableMetricImageUploader` | IssuableMetricImage |
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CI Artifacts and LFS Objects behave differently in CE and EE. In CE they inherit the `GitlabUploader`
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while in EE they inherit the `ObjectStorage` and store files in and S3 API compatible object store.
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In the case of Issues/MR/Notes Markdown attachments, there is a different approach using the [Hashed Storage](../administration/repository_storage_types.md) layout,
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instead of basing the path into a mutable variable `:project_path_with_namespace`, it's possible to use the
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hash of the project ID instead, if project migrates to the new approach (introduced in 10.2).
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We provide an [all-in-one Rake task](../administration/raketasks/uploads/migrate.md)
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to migrate all uploads to object storage in one go. If a new Uploader class or model
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type is introduced, make sure you add a Rake task invocation corresponding to it to the
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[category list](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/tasks/gitlab/uploads/migrate.rake).
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### Path segments
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Files are stored at multiple locations and use different path schemes.
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All the `GitlabUploader` derived classes should comply with this path segment schema:
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```plaintext
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| GitlabUploader
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| ----------------------- + ------------------------- + --------------------------------- + -------------------------------- |
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| `<gitlab_root>/public/` | `uploads/-/system/` | `user/avatar/:id/` | `:filename` |
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| ----------------------- + ------------------------- + --------------------------------- + -------------------------------- |
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| `CarrierWave.root` | `GitlabUploader.base_dir` | `GitlabUploader#dynamic_segment` | `CarrierWave::Uploader#filename` |
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| | `CarrierWave::Uploader#store_dir` | |
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| FileUploader
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| ----------------------- + ------------------------- + --------------------------------- + -------------------------------- |
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| `<gitlab_root>/shared/` | `artifacts/` | `:year_:month/:id` | `:filename` |
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| `<gitlab_root>/shared/` | `snippets/` | `:secret/` | `:filename` |
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| ----------------------- + ------------------------- + --------------------------------- + -------------------------------- |
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| `CarrierWave.root` | `GitlabUploader.base_dir` | `GitlabUploader#dynamic_segment` | `CarrierWave::Uploader#filename` |
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| | `CarrierWave::Uploader#store_dir` | |
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| | | `FileUploader#upload_path |
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| ObjectStore::Concern (store = remote)
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| ----------------------- + ------------------------- + ----------------------------------- + -------------------------------- |
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| `<bucket_name>` | <ignored> | `user/avatar/:id/` | `:filename` |
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| ----------------------- + ------------------------- + ----------------------------------- + -------------------------------- |
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| `#fog_dir` | `GitlabUploader.base_dir` | `GitlabUploader#dynamic_segment` | `CarrierWave::Uploader#filename` |
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| | | `ObjectStorage::Concern#store_dir` | |
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| | | `ObjectStorage::Concern#upload_path |
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```
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The `RecordsUploads::Concern` concern creates an `Upload` entry for every file stored by a `GitlabUploader` persisting the dynamic parts of the path using
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`GitlabUploader#dynamic_path`. You may then use the `Upload#build_uploader` method to manipulate the file.
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## Object Storage
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By including the `ObjectStorage::Concern` in the `GitlabUploader` derived class, you may enable the object storage for this uploader. To enable the object storage
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in your uploader, you need to either 1) include `RecordsUpload::Concern` and prepend `ObjectStorage::Extension::RecordsUploads` or 2) mount the uploader and create a new field named `<mount>_store`.
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The `CarrierWave::Uploader#store_dir` is overridden to
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- `GitlabUploader.base_dir` + `GitlabUploader.dynamic_segment` when the store is LOCAL
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- `GitlabUploader.dynamic_segment` when the store is REMOTE (the bucket name is used to namespace)
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### Using `ObjectStorage::Extension::RecordsUploads`
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This concern includes `RecordsUploads::Concern` if not already included.
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The `ObjectStorage::Concern` uploader searches for the matching `Upload` to select the correct object store. The `Upload` is mapped using `#store_dirs + identifier` for each store (LOCAL/REMOTE).
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```ruby
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class SongUploader < GitlabUploader
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include RecordsUploads::Concern
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include ObjectStorage::Concern
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prepend ObjectStorage::Extension::RecordsUploads
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...
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end
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class Thing < ActiveRecord::Base
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mount :theme, SongUploader # we have a great theme song!
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...
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end
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```
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### Using a mounted uploader
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The `ObjectStorage::Concern` queries the `model.<mount>_store` attribute to select the correct object store.
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This column must be present in the model schema.
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```ruby
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class SongUploader < GitlabUploader
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include ObjectStorage::Concern
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...
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end
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class Thing < ActiveRecord::Base
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attr_reader :theme_store # this is an ActiveRecord attribute
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mount :theme, SongUploader # we have a great theme song!
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def theme_store
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super || ObjectStorage::Store::LOCAL
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end
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...
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end
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```
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