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---
stage: none
group: Engineering Productivity
info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
---
# Pipelines for the GitLab project
Pipelines for [`gitlab-org/gitlab`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab) (as well as the `dev` instance's) is configured in the usual
[`.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab-ci.yml)
which itself includes files under
[`.gitlab/ci/`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/tree/master/.gitlab/ci)
for easier maintenance.
We're striving to [dogfood](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/#dogfooding)
GitLab [CI/CD features and best-practices](../ci/yaml/index.md)
as much as possible.
## Minimal test jobs before a merge request is approved
**To reduce the pipeline cost and shorten the job duration, before a merge request is approved, the pipeline will run a minimal set of RSpec & Jest tests that are related to the merge request changes.**
After a merge request has been approved, the pipeline would contain the full RSpec & Jest tests. This will ensure that all tests
have been run before a merge request is merged.
### RSpec minimal jobs
#### Determining related RSpec test files in a merge request
To identify the minimal set of tests needed, we use the [`test_file_finder` gem](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/ci-cd/test_file_finder), with two strategies:
- dynamic mapping from test coverage tracing (generated via the [Crystalball gem](https://github.com/toptal/crystalball))
([see where it's used](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/47d507c93779675d73a05002e2ec9c3c467cd698/tooling/bin/find_tests#L15))
- static mapping maintained in the [`tests.yml` file](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/tests.yml) for special cases that cannot
be mapped via coverage tracing ([see where it's used](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/47d507c93779675d73a05002e2ec9c3c467cd698/tooling/bin/find_tests#L12))
The test mappings contain a map of each source files to a list of test files which is dependent of the source file.
In the `detect-tests` job, we use this mapping to identify the minimal tests needed for the current merge request.
#### Exceptional cases
In addition, there are a few circumstances where we would always run the full RSpec tests:
- when the `pipeline:run-all-rspec` label is set on the merge request
- when the merge request is created by an automation (e.g. Gitaly update or MR targeting a stable branch)
- when any CI config file is changed (i.e. `.gitlab-ci.yml` or `.gitlab/ci/**/*`)
### Jest minimal jobs
#### Determining related Jest test files in a merge request
To identify the minimal set of tests needed, we pass a list of all the changed files into `jest` using the [`--findRelatedTests`](https://jestjs.io/docs/cli#--findrelatedtests-spaceseparatedlistofsourcefiles) option.
In this mode, `jest` would resolve all the dependencies of related to the changed files, which include test files that have these files in the dependency chain.
#### Exceptional cases
In addition, there are a few circumstances where we would always run the full Jest tests:
- when the `pipeline:run-all-rspec` label is set on the merge request
- when the merge request is created by an automation (e.g. Gitaly update or MR targeting a stable branch)
- when any CI config file is changed (i.e. `.gitlab-ci.yml` or `.gitlab/ci/**/*`)
- when any frontend "core" file is changed (i.e. `package.json`, `yarn.lock`, `babel.config.js`, `jest.config.*.js`, `config/helpers/**/*.js`)
- when any vendored JavaScript file is changed (i.e. `vendor/assets/javascripts/**/*`)
- when any backend file is changed ([see the patterns list for details](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/3616946936c1adbd9e754c1bd06f86ba670796d8/.gitlab/ci/rules.gitlab-ci.yml#L205-216))
## Fail-fast job in merge request pipelines
To provide faster feedback when a merge request breaks existing tests, we are experimenting with a
fail-fast mechanism.
An `rspec fail-fast` job is added in parallel to all other `rspec` jobs in a merge
request pipeline. This job runs the tests that are directly related to the changes
in the merge request.
If any of these tests fail, the `rspec fail-fast` job fails, triggering a
`fail-pipeline-early` job to run. The `fail-pipeline-early` job:
- Cancels the currently running pipeline and all in-progress jobs.
- Sets pipeline to have status `failed`.
For example:
```mermaid
graph LR
subgraph "prepare stage";
A["detect-tests"]
end
subgraph "test stage";
B["jest"];
C["rspec migration"];
D["rspec unit"];
E["rspec integration"];
F["rspec system"];
G["rspec fail-fast"];
end
subgraph "post-test stage";
Z["fail-pipeline-early"];
end
A --"artifact: list of test files"--> G
G --"on failure"--> Z
```
The `rspec fail-fast` is a no-op if there are more than 10 test files related to the
merge request. This prevents `rspec fail-fast` duration from exceeding the average
`rspec` job duration and defeating its purpose.
This number can be overridden by setting a CI/CD variable named `RSPEC_FAIL_FAST_TEST_FILE_COUNT_THRESHOLD`.
## Test jobs
We have dedicated jobs for each [testing level](testing_guide/testing_levels.md) and each job runs depending on the
changes made in your merge request.
If you want to force all the RSpec jobs to run regardless of your changes, you can add the `pipeline:run-all-rspec` label to the merge request.
WARNING:
Forcing all jobs on docs only related MRs would not have the prerequisite jobs and would lead to errors
### Test suite parallelization
Our current RSpec tests parallelization setup is as follows:
1. The `retrieve-tests-metadata` job in the `prepare` stage ensures we have a
`knapsack/report-master.json` file:
- The `knapsack/report-master.json` file is fetched from the latest `main` pipeline which runs `update-tests-metadata`
(for now it's the 2-hourly scheduled master pipeline), if it's not here we initialize the file with `{}`.
1. Each `[rspec|rspec-ee] [unit|integration|system|geo] n m` job are run with
`knapsack rspec` and should have an evenly distributed share of tests:
- It works because the jobs have access to the `knapsack/report-master.json`
since the "artifacts from all previous stages are passed by default".
- the jobs set their own report path to
`"knapsack/${TEST_TOOL}_${TEST_LEVEL}_${DATABASE}_${CI_NODE_INDEX}_${CI_NODE_TOTAL}_report.json"`.
- if knapsack is doing its job, test files that are run should be listed under
`Report specs`, not under `Leftover specs`.
1. The `update-tests-metadata` job (which only runs on scheduled pipelines for
[the canonical project](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab) takes all the
`knapsack/rspec*_pg_*.json` files and merge them all together into a single
`knapsack/report-master.json` file that is saved as artifact.
After that, the next pipeline uses the up-to-date `knapsack/report-master.json` file.
### Monitoring
The GitLab test suite is [monitored](performance.md#rspec-profiling) for the `main` branch, and any branch
that includes `rspec-profile` in their name.
### Logging
- Rails logging to `log/test.log` is disabled by default in CI [for
performance reasons](https://jtway.co/speed-up-your-rails-test-suite-by-6-in-1-line-13fedb869ec4). To override this setting, provide the
`RAILS_ENABLE_TEST_LOG` environment variable.
## Review app jobs
Consult the [Review Apps](testing_guide/review_apps.md) dedicated page for more information.
## As-if-FOSS jobs
The `* as-if-foss` jobs run the GitLab test suite "as if FOSS", meaning as if the jobs would run in the context
of the `gitlab-org/gitlab-foss` project. These jobs are only created in the following cases:
- when the `pipeline:run-as-if-foss` label is set on the merge request
- when the merge request is created in the `gitlab-org/security/gitlab` project
- when any CI config file is changed (i.e. `.gitlab-ci.yml` or `.gitlab/ci/**/*`)
The `* as-if-foss` jobs are run in addition to the regular EE-context jobs. They have the `FOSS_ONLY='1'` variable
set and get the `ee/` folder removed before the tests start running.
The intent is to ensure that a change doesn't introduce a failure after the `gitlab-org/gitlab` project is synced to
the `gitlab-org/gitlab-foss` project.
## As-if-JH jobs
The `* as-if-jh` jobs run the GitLab test suite "as if JiHu", meaning as if the jobs would run in the context
of [the `gitlab-jh/gitlab` project](jh_features_review.md). These jobs are only created in the following cases:
- when the `pipeline:run-as-if-jh` label is set on the merge request
- when the `pipeline:run-all-rspec` label is set on the merge request
- when any code or backstage file is changed
- when any startup CSS file is changed
The `* as-if-jh` jobs are run in addition to the regular EE-context jobs. The `jh/` folder is added before the tests start running.
The intent is to ensure that a change doesn't introduce a failure after the `gitlab-org/gitlab` project is synced to
the `gitlab-jh/gitlab` project.
## PostgreSQL versions testing
Our test suite runs against PG12 as GitLab.com runs on PG12 and
[Omnibus defaults to PG12 for new installs and upgrades](../administration/package_information/postgresql_versions.md).
We do run our test suite against PG11 and PG13 on nightly scheduled pipelines.
We also run our test suite against PG11 upon specific database library changes in MRs and `main` pipelines (with the `rspec db-library-code pg11` job).
### Current versions testing
| Where? | PostgreSQL version |
| ------ | ------------------ |
| MRs | 12, 11 for DB library changes |
| `main` (non-scheduled pipelines) | 12, 11 for DB library changes |
| 2-hourly scheduled pipelines | 12, 11 for DB library changes |
| `nightly` scheduled pipelines | 12, 11, 13 |
### Long-term plan
We follow the [PostgreSQL versions shipped with Omnibus GitLab](../administration/package_information/postgresql_versions.md):
| PostgreSQL version | 14.1 (July 2021) | 14.2 (August 2021) | 14.3 (September 2021) | 14.4 (October 2021) | 14.5 (November 2021) | 14.6 (December 2021) |
| -------------------| ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------- |
| PG12 | MRs/`2-hour`/`nightly` | MRs/`2-hour`/`nightly` | MRs/`2-hour`/`nightly` | MRs/`2-hour`/`nightly` | MRs/`2-hour`/`nightly` | MRs/`2-hour`/`nightly` |
| PG11 | `nightly` | `nightly` | `nightly` | `nightly` | `nightly` | `nightly` |
| PG13 | `nightly` | `nightly` | `nightly` | `nightly` | `nightly` | `nightly` |
## Pipelines types for merge requests
In general, pipelines for an MR fall into one or more of the following types,
depending on the changes made in the MR:
- [Documentation only MR pipeline](#documentation-only-mr-pipeline): This is typically created for an MR that only changes documentation.
- [Code-only MR pipeline](#code-only-mr-pipeline): This is typically created for an MR that only changes code, either backend or frontend.
- [Frontend-only MR pipeline](#frontend-only-mr-pipeline): This is typically created for an MR that only changes frontend code.
- [QA-only MR pipeline](#qa-only-mr-pipeline): This is typically created for an MR that only changes end to end tests related code.
We use the [`rules:`](../ci/yaml/index.md#rules) and [`needs:`](../ci/yaml/index.md#needs) keywords extensively
to determine the jobs that need to be run in a pipeline. Note that an MR that includes multiple types of changes would
have a pipelines that include jobs from multiple types (for example, a combination of docs-only and code-only pipelines).
### Documentation only MR pipeline
[Reference pipeline](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/pipelines/250546928):
```mermaid
graph LR
subgraph "No needed jobs";
1-1["danger-review (2.3 minutes)"];
click 1-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8100542&udv=0"
1-2["docs-lint markdown (1.5 minutes)"];
click 1-2 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=10224335&udv=0"
1-3["docs-lint links (5 minutes)"];
click 1-3 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356757&udv=0"
1-4["ui-docs-links lint (2.5 minutes)"];
click 1-4 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=10823717&udv=1020379"
end
```
### Code-only MR pipeline
[Reference pipeline](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/pipelines/136295694)
```mermaid
graph RL;
classDef criticalPath fill:#f66;
subgraph "No needed jobs";
1-1["danger-review (2.3 minutes)"];
click 1-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8100542&udv=0"
1-2["build-qa-image (2 minutes)"];
click 1-2 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914325&udv=0"
1-3["compile-test-assets (6 minutes)"];
click 1-3 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914317&udv=0"
1-4["compile-test-assets as-if-foss (7 minutes)"];
click 1-4 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356616&udv=0"
1-5["compile-production-assets (14 minutes)"];
click 1-5 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914312&udv=0"
1-6["setup-test-env (4 minutes)"];
click 1-6 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914315&udv=0"
1-7["review-delete-deployment"];
1-8["dependency_scanning"];
1-9["qa:internal, qa:internal-as-if-foss"];
1-11["qa:selectors, qa:selectors-as-if-foss"];
1-14["retrieve-tests-metadata (1 minutes)"];
click 1-14 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356697&udv=0"
1-15["code_quality"];
1-16["brakeman-sast"];
1-17["eslint-sast"];
1-18["kubesec-sast"];
1-20["secrets-sast"];
1-21["static-analysis (14 minutes)"];
click 1-21 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914471&udv=0"
class 1-3 criticalPath;
class 1-6 criticalPath;
end
2_1-1["graphql-verify (2.3 minutes)"];
click 2_1-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356715&udv=0"
2_1-2["memory-static (4.75 minutes)"];
click 2_1-2 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356721&udv=0"
2_1-3["run-dev-fixtures (3 minutes)"];
click 2_1-3 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356729&udv=0"
2_1-4["run-dev-fixtures-ee (4 minutes)"];
click 2_1-4 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356731&udv=0"
subgraph "Needs `setup-test-env`";
2_1-1 & 2_1-2 & 2_1-3 & 2_1-4 --> 1-6;
end
2_2-2["rspec-all frontend_fixture (7 minutes)"];
class 2_2-2 criticalPath;
click 2_2-2 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=7910143&udv=0"
2_2-4["memory-on-boot (3.5 minutes)"];
click 2_2-4 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356727&udv=0"
2_2-5["webpack-dev-server (4 minutes)"];
click 2_2-5 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8404303&udv=0"
subgraph "Needs `setup-test-env` & `compile-test-assets`";
2_2-2 & 2_2-4 & 2_2-5 --> 1-6 & 1-3;
end
2_3-1["build-assets-image (1.6 minutes)"];
subgraph "Needs `compile-production-assets`";
2_3-1 --> 1-5
end
2_4-1["package-and-qa (manual)"];
subgraph "Needs `build-qa-image`";
2_4-1 --> 1-2;
click 2_4-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914305&udv=0"
end
2_5-1["rspec & db jobs (12-22 minutes)"];
subgraph "Needs `compile-test-assets`, `setup-test-env`, & `retrieve-tests-metadata`";
2_5-1 --> 1-3 & 1-6 & 1-14;
class 2_5-1 criticalPath;
click 2_5-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations"
end
3_1-1["jest (14.5 minutes)"];
class 3_1-1 criticalPath;
click 3_1-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914204&udv=0"
subgraph "Needs `rspec-all frontend_fixture`";
3_1-1 --> 2_2-2;
end
3_2-1["rspec:coverage (4 minutes)"];
subgraph "Depends on `rspec` jobs";
3_2-1 -.->|"(don't use needs because of limitations)"| 2_5-1;
click 3_2-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=7248745&udv=0"
end
4_1-1["coverage-frontend (2 minutes)"];
subgraph "Needs `jest`";
4_1-1 --> 3_1-1;
class 4_1-1 criticalPath;
click 4_1-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=7910777&udv=0"
end
```
### Frontend-only MR pipeline
[Reference pipeline](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/pipelines/134661039):
```mermaid
graph RL;
classDef criticalPath fill:#f66;
subgraph "No needed jobs";
1-1["danger-review (2.3 minutes)"];
click 1-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8100542&udv=0"
1-2["build-qa-image (2 minutes)"];
click 1-2 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914325&udv=0"
1-3["compile-test-assets (6 minutes)"];
click 1-3 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914317&udv=0"
1-4["compile-test-assets as-if-foss (7 minutes)"];
click 1-4 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356616&udv=0"
1-5["compile-production-assets (14 minutes)"];
click 1-5 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914312&udv=0"
1-6["setup-test-env (4 minutes)"];
click 1-6 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914315&udv=0"
1-7["review-stop-failed-deployment"];
1-8["dependency_scanning"];
1-9["qa:internal, qa:internal-as-if-foss"];
1-11["qa:selectors, qa:selectors-as-if-foss"];
1-14["retrieve-tests-metadata (1 minutes)"];
click 1-14 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356697&udv=0"
1-15["code_quality"];
1-16["brakeman-sast"];
1-17["eslint-sast"];
1-18["kubesec-sast"];
1-20["secrets-sast"];
1-21["static-analysis (14 minutes)"];
click 1-21 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914471&udv=0"
class 1-3 criticalPath;
class 1-5 criticalPath;
class 1-6 criticalPath;
end
2_1-1["graphql-verify (2.3 minutes)"];
click 2_1-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356715&udv=0"
2_1-2["memory-static (4.75 minutes)"];
click 2_1-2 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356721&udv=0"
2_1-3["run-dev-fixtures (3 minutes)"];
click 2_1-3 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356729&udv=0"
2_1-4["run-dev-fixtures-ee (4 minutes)"];
click 2_1-4 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356731&udv=0"
subgraph "Needs `setup-test-env`";
2_1-1 & 2_1-2 & 2_1-3 & 2_1-4 --> 1-6;
end
2_2-2["rspec-all frontend_fixture (7 minutes)"];
class 2_2-2 criticalPath;
click 2_2-2 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=7910143&udv=0"
2_2-4["memory-on-boot (3.5 minutes)"];
click 2_2-4 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356727&udv=0"
2_2-5["webpack-dev-server (4 minutes)"];
click 2_2-5 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8404303&udv=0"
subgraph "Needs `setup-test-env` & `compile-test-assets`";
2_2-2 & 2_2-4 & 2_2-5 --> 1-6 & 1-3;
end
2_3-1["build-assets-image (1.6 minutes)"];
class 2_3-1 criticalPath;
subgraph "Needs `compile-production-assets`";
2_3-1 --> 1-5
end
2_4-1["package-and-qa (manual)"];
subgraph "Needs `build-qa-image` & `build-assets-image`";
2_4-1 --> 1-2 & 2_3-1;
click 2_4-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914305&udv=0"
end
2_5-1["rspec & db jobs (12-22 minutes)"];
subgraph "Needs `compile-test-assets`, `setup-test-env, & `retrieve-tests-metadata`";
2_5-1 --> 1-3 & 1-6 & 1-14;
class 2_5-1 criticalPath;
click 2_5-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations"
end
2_6-1["review-build-cng (27 minutes)"];
subgraph "Needs `build-assets-image`";
2_6-1 --> 2_3-1;
class 2_6-1 criticalPath;
click 2_6-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914314&udv=0"
end
3_1-1["jest (14.5 minutes)"];
class 3_1-1 criticalPath;
click 3_1-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914204&udv=0"
subgraph "Needs `rspec-all frontend_fixture`";
3_1-1 --> 2_2-2;
end
3_2-1["rspec:coverage (4 minutes)"];
subgraph "Depends on `rspec` jobs";
3_2-1 -.->|"(don't use needs because of limitations)"| 2_5-1;
click 3_2-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=7248745&udv=0"
end
4_1-1["coverage-frontend (2 minutes)"];
subgraph "Needs `jest`";
4_1-1 --> 3_1-1;
class 4_1-1 criticalPath;
click 4_1-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=7910777&udv=0"
end
3_3-1["review-deploy (9 minutes)"];
subgraph "Played by `review-build-cng`";
3_3-1 --> 2_6-1;
class 3_3-1 criticalPath;
click 3_3-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6721130&udv=0"
end
4_2-1["review-qa-smoke (7.4 minutes)"];
click 4_2-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6729805&udv=0"
4_2-2["review-performance (2.5 minutes)"];
click 4_2-2 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356817&udv=0"
subgraph "Played by `review-deploy`";
4_2-1 & 4_2-2 --> 3_3-1;
end
```
### QA-only MR pipeline
[Reference pipeline](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/pipelines/134645109):
```mermaid
graph RL;
classDef criticalPath fill:#f66;
subgraph "No needed jobs";
1-1["danger-review (2.3 minutes)"];
click 1-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8100542&udv=0"
1-2["build-qa-image (2 minutes)"];
click 1-2 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914325&udv=0"
1-3["compile-test-assets (6 minutes)"];
click 1-3 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914317&udv=0"
1-4["compile-test-assets as-if-foss (7 minutes)"];
click 1-4 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356616&udv=0"
1-5["compile-production-assets (14 minutes)"];
click 1-5 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914312&udv=0"
1-6["setup-test-env (4 minutes)"];
click 1-6 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914315&udv=0"
1-7["review-stop-failed-deployment"];
1-8["dependency_scanning"];
1-9["qa:internal, qa:internal-as-if-foss"];
1-11["qa:selectors, qa:selectors-as-if-foss"];
1-14["retrieve-tests-metadata (1 minutes)"];
click 1-14 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356697&udv=0"
1-15["code_quality"];
1-16["brakeman-sast"];
1-17["eslint-sast"];
1-18["kubesec-sast"];
1-20["secrets-sast"];
1-21["static-analysis (14 minutes)"];
click 1-21 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914471&udv=0"
class 1-5 criticalPath;
end
2_1-1["graphql-verify (2.3 minutes)"];
click 2_1-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=8356715&udv=0"
subgraph "Needs `setup-test-env`";
2_1-1 --> 1-6;
end
2_3-1["build-assets-image (1.6 minutes)"];
subgraph "Needs `compile-production-assets`";
2_3-1 --> 1-5
class 2_3-1 criticalPath;
end
2_4-1["package-and-qa (113 minutes)"];
subgraph "Needs `build-qa-image` & `build-assets-image`";
2_4-1 --> 1-2 & 2_3-1;
class 2_4-1 criticalPath;
click 2_4-1 "https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/652085/Engineering-Productivity---Pipeline-Build-Durations?widget=6914305&udv=0"
end
```
## CI configuration internals
### Workflow rules
Pipelines for the GitLab project are created using the [`workflow:rules` keyword](../ci/yaml/index.md#workflow)
feature of the GitLab CI/CD.
Pipelines are always created for the following scenarios:
- `main` branch, including on schedules, pushes, merges, and so on.
- Merge requests.
- Tags.
- Stable, `auto-deploy`, and security branches.
Pipeline creation is also affected by the following CI/CD variables:
- If `$FORCE_GITLAB_CI` is set, pipelines are created.
- If `$GITLAB_INTERNAL` is not set, pipelines are not created.
No pipeline is created in any other cases (for example, when pushing a branch with no
MR for it).
The source of truth for these workflow rules is defined in [`.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab-ci.yml).
### Default image
The default image is defined in [`.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab-ci.yml).
<!-- vale gitlab.Spelling = NO -->
It includes Ruby, Go, Git, Git LFS, Chrome, Node, Yarn, PostgreSQL, and Graphics Magick.
<!-- vale gitlab.Spelling = YES -->
The images used in our pipelines are configured in the
[`gitlab-org/gitlab-build-images`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-build-images)
project, which is push-mirrored to [`gitlab/gitlab-build-images`](https://dev.gitlab.org/gitlab/gitlab-build-images)
for redundancy.
The current version of the build images can be found in the
["Used by GitLab section"](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-build-images/blob/master/.gitlab-ci.yml).
### Default variables
In addition to the [predefined CI/CD variables](../ci/variables/predefined_variables.md),
each pipeline includes default variables defined in
[`.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab-ci.yml).
### Stages
The current stages are:
- `sync`: This stage is used to synchronize changes from [`gitlab-org/gitlab`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab) to
[`gitlab-org/gitlab-foss`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss).
- `prepare`: This stage includes jobs that prepare artifacts that are needed by
jobs in subsequent stages.
- `build-images`: This stage includes jobs that prepare Docker images
that are needed by jobs in subsequent stages or downstream pipelines.
- `fixtures`: This stage includes jobs that prepare fixtures needed by frontend tests.
- `test`: This stage includes most of the tests, DB/migration jobs, and static analysis jobs.
- `post-test`: This stage includes jobs that build reports or gather data from
the `test` stage's jobs (for example, coverage, Knapsack metadata, and so on).
- `review-prepare`: This stage includes a job that build the CNG images that are
later used by the (Helm) Review App deployment (see
[Review Apps](testing_guide/review_apps.md) for details).
- `review`: This stage includes jobs that deploy the GitLab and Docs Review Apps.
- `dast`: This stage includes jobs that run a DAST full scan against the Review App
that is deployed in stage `review`.
- `qa`: This stage includes jobs that perform QA tasks against the Review App
that is deployed in stage `review`.
- `post-qa`: This stage includes jobs that build reports or gather data from
the `qa` stage's jobs (for example, Review App performance report).
- `pages`: This stage includes a job that deploys the various reports as
GitLab Pages (for example, [`coverage-ruby`](https://gitlab-org.gitlab.io/gitlab/coverage-ruby/),
and `webpack-report` (found at `https://gitlab-org.gitlab.io/gitlab/webpack-report/`, but there is
[an issue with the deployment](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/233458)).
- `notify`: This stage includes jobs that notify various failures to Slack.
### Dependency Proxy
Some of the jobs are using images from Docker Hub, where we also use
`${GITLAB_DEPENDENCY_PROXY}` as a prefix to the image path, so that we pull
images from our [Dependency Proxy](../user/packages/dependency_proxy/index.md).
`${GITLAB_DEPENDENCY_PROXY}` is a group CI/CD variable defined in
[`gitlab-org`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org) as
`${CI_DEPENDENCY_PROXY_GROUP_IMAGE_PREFIX}/`. This means when we use an image
defined as:
```yaml
image: ${GITLAB_DEPENDENCY_PROXY}alpine:edge
```
Projects in the `gitlab-org` group pull from the Dependency Proxy, while
forks that reside on any other personal namespaces or groups fall back to
Docker Hub unless `${GITLAB_DEPENDENCY_PROXY}` is also defined there.
### Common job definitions
Most of the jobs [extend from a few CI definitions](../ci/yaml/index.md#extends)
defined in [`.gitlab/ci/global.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/global.gitlab-ci.yml)
that are scoped to a single [configuration keyword](../ci/yaml/index.md#job-keywords).
| Job definitions | Description |
|------------------|-------------|
| `.default-retry` | Allows a job to [retry](../ci/yaml/index.md#retry) upon `unknown_failure`, `api_failure`, `runner_system_failure`, `job_execution_timeout`, or `stuck_or_timeout_failure`. |
| `.default-before_script` | Allows a job to use a default `before_script` definition suitable for Ruby/Rails tasks that may need a database running (for example, tests). |
| `.setup-test-env-cache` | Allows a job to use a default `cache` definition suitable for setting up test environment for subsequent Ruby/Rails tasks. |
| `.rails-cache` | Allows a job to use a default `cache` definition suitable for Ruby/Rails tasks. |
| `.static-analysis-cache` | Allows a job to use a default `cache` definition suitable for static analysis tasks. |
| `.coverage-cache` | Allows a job to use a default `cache` definition suitable for coverage tasks. |
| `.qa-cache` | Allows a job to use a default `cache` definition suitable for QA tasks. |
| `.yarn-cache` | Allows a job to use a default `cache` definition suitable for frontend jobs that do a `yarn install`. |
| `.assets-compile-cache` | Allows a job to use a default `cache` definition suitable for frontend jobs that compile assets. |
| `.use-pg11` | Allows a job to run the `postgres` 11 and `redis` services (see [`.gitlab/ci/global.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/global.gitlab-ci.yml) for the specific versions of the services). |
| `.use-pg11-ee` | Same as `.use-pg11` but also use an `elasticsearch` service (see [`.gitlab/ci/global.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/global.gitlab-ci.yml) for the specific version of the service). |
| `.use-pg12` | Allows a job to use the `postgres` 12 and `redis` services (see [`.gitlab/ci/global.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/global.gitlab-ci.yml) for the specific versions of the services). |
| `.use-pg12-ee` | Same as `.use-pg12` but also use an `elasticsearch` service (see [`.gitlab/ci/global.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/global.gitlab-ci.yml) for the specific version of the service). |
| `.use-kaniko` | Allows a job to use the `kaniko` tool to build Docker images. |
| `.as-if-foss` | Simulate the FOSS project by setting the `FOSS_ONLY='1'` CI/CD variable. |
| `.use-docker-in-docker` | Allows a job to use Docker in Docker. |
### `rules`, `if:` conditions and `changes:` patterns
We're using the [`rules` keyword](../ci/yaml/index.md#rules) extensively.
All `rules` definitions are defined in
[`rules.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/rules.gitlab-ci.yml),
then included in individual jobs via [`extends`](../ci/yaml/index.md#extends).
The `rules` definitions are composed of `if:` conditions and `changes:` patterns,
which are also defined in
[`rules.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/rules.gitlab-ci.yml)
and included in `rules` definitions via [YAML anchors](../ci/yaml/index.md#anchors)
#### `if:` conditions
<!-- vale gitlab.Substitutions = NO -->
| `if:` conditions | Description | Notes |
|------------------|-------------|-------|
| `if-not-canonical-namespace` | Matches if the project isn't in the canonical (`gitlab-org/`) or security (`gitlab-org/security`) namespace. | Use to create a job for forks (by using `when: on_success|manual`), or **not** create a job for forks (by using `when: never`). |
| `if-not-ee` | Matches if the project isn't EE (that is, project name isn't `gitlab` or `gitlab-ee`). | Use to create a job only in the FOSS project (by using `when: on_success|manual`), or **not** create a job if the project is EE (by using `when: never`). |
| `if-not-foss` | Matches if the project isn't FOSS (that is, project name isn't `gitlab-foss`, `gitlab-ce`, or `gitlabhq`). | Use to create a job only in the EE project (by using `when: on_success|manual`), or **not** create a job if the project is FOSS (by using `when: never`). |
| `if-default-refs` | Matches if the pipeline is for `master`, `main`, `/^[\d-]+-stable(-ee)?$/` (stable branches), `/^\d+-\d+-auto-deploy-\d+$/` (auto-deploy branches), `/^security\//` (security branches), merge requests, and tags. | Note that jobs aren't created for branches with this default configuration. |
| `if-master-refs` | Matches if the current branch is `master` or `main`. | |
| `if-master-push` | Matches if the current branch is `master` or `main` and pipeline source is `push`. | |
| `if-master-schedule-2-hourly` | Matches if the current branch is `master` or `main` and pipeline runs on a 2-hourly schedule. | |
| `if-master-schedule-nightly` | Matches if the current branch is `master` or `main` and pipeline runs on a nightly schedule. | |
| `if-auto-deploy-branches` | Matches if the current branch is an auto-deploy one. | |
| `if-master-or-tag` | Matches if the pipeline is for the `master` or `main` branch or for a tag. | |
| `if-merge-request` | Matches if the pipeline is for a merge request. | |
| `if-merge-request-title-as-if-foss` | Matches if the pipeline is for a merge request and the MR has label ~"pipeline:run-as-if-foss" | |
| `if-merge-request-title-update-caches` | Matches if the pipeline is for a merge request and the MR has label ~"pipeline:update-cache". | |
| `if-merge-request-title-run-all-rspec` | Matches if the pipeline is for a merge request and the MR has label ~"pipeline:run-all-rspec". | |
| `if-security-merge-request` | Matches if the pipeline is for a security merge request. | |
| `if-security-schedule` | Matches if the pipeline is for a security scheduled pipeline. | |
| `if-nightly-master-schedule` | Matches if the pipeline is for a `master` scheduled pipeline with `$NIGHTLY` set. | |
| `if-dot-com-gitlab-org-schedule` | Limits jobs creation to scheduled pipelines for the `gitlab-org` group on GitLab.com. | |
| `if-dot-com-gitlab-org-master` | Limits jobs creation to the `master` or `main` branch for the `gitlab-org` group on GitLab.com. | |
| `if-dot-com-gitlab-org-merge-request` | Limits jobs creation to merge requests for the `gitlab-org` group on GitLab.com. | |
| `if-dot-com-gitlab-org-and-security-tag` | Limits job creation to tags for the `gitlab-org` and `gitlab-org/security` groups on GitLab.com. | |
| `if-dot-com-gitlab-org-and-security-merge-request` | Limit jobs creation to merge requests for the `gitlab-org` and `gitlab-org/security` groups on GitLab.com. | |
| `if-dot-com-gitlab-org-and-security-tag` | Limit jobs creation to tags for the `gitlab-org` and `gitlab-org/security` groups on GitLab.com. | |
| `if-dot-com-ee-schedule` | Limits jobs to scheduled pipelines for the `gitlab-org/gitlab` project on GitLab.com. | |
| `if-cache-credentials-schedule` | Limits jobs to scheduled pipelines with the `$CI_REPO_CACHE_CREDENTIALS` variable set. | |
| `if-security-pipeline-merge-result` | Matches if the pipeline is for a security merge request triggered by `@gitlab-release-tools-bot`. | |
<!-- vale gitlab.Substitutions = YES -->
#### `changes:` patterns
| `changes:` patterns | Description |
|------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `ci-patterns` | Only create job for CI configuration-related changes. |
| `ci-build-images-patterns` | Only create job for CI configuration-related changes related to the `build-images` stage. |
| `ci-review-patterns` | Only create job for CI configuration-related changes related to the `review` stage. |
| `ci-qa-patterns` | Only create job for CI configuration-related changes related to the `qa` stage. |
| `yaml-lint-patterns` | Only create job for YAML-related changes. |
| `docs-patterns` | Only create job for docs-related changes. |
| `frontend-dependency-patterns` | Only create job when frontend dependencies are updated (that is, `package.json`, and `yarn.lock`). changes. |
| `frontend-patterns` | Only create job for frontend-related changes. |
| `backend-patterns` | Only create job for backend-related changes. |
| `db-patterns` | Only create job for DB-related changes. |
| `backstage-patterns` | Only create job for backstage-related changes (that is, Danger, fixtures, RuboCop, specs). |
| `code-patterns` | Only create job for code-related changes. |
| `qa-patterns` | Only create job for QA-related changes. |
| `code-backstage-patterns` | Combination of `code-patterns` and `backstage-patterns`. |
| `code-qa-patterns` | Combination of `code-patterns` and `qa-patterns`. |
| `code-backstage-qa-patterns` | Combination of `code-patterns`, `backstage-patterns`, and `qa-patterns`. |
## Performance
### Interruptible pipelines
By default, all jobs are [interruptible](../ci/yaml/index.md#interruptible), except the
`dont-interrupt-me` job which runs automatically on `main`, and is `manual`
otherwise.
If you want a running pipeline to finish even if you push new commits to a merge
request, be sure to start the `dont-interrupt-me` job before pushing.
### Caching strategy
1. All jobs must only pull caches by default.
1. All jobs must be able to pass with an empty cache. In other words, caches are only there to speed up jobs.
1. We currently have several different cache definitions defined in
[`.gitlab/ci/global.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/global.gitlab-ci.yml),
with fixed keys:
- `.setup-test-env-cache`
- `.rails-cache`
- `.static-analysis-cache`
- `.coverage-cache`
- `.danger-review-cache`
- `.qa-cache`
- `.yarn-cache`
- `.assets-compile-cache` (the key includes `${NODE_ENV}` so it's actually two different caches).
1. These cache definitions are composed of [multiple atomic caches](../ci/caching/index.md#use-multiple-caches).
1. Only the following jobs, running in 2-hourly scheduled pipelines, are pushing (that is, updating) to the caches:
- `update-setup-test-env-cache`, defined in [`.gitlab/ci/rails.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/rails.gitlab-ci.yml).
- `update-gitaly-binaries-cache`, defined in [`.gitlab/ci/rails.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/rails.gitlab-ci.yml).
- `update-static-analysis-cache`, defined in [`.gitlab/ci/rails.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/rails.gitlab-ci.yml).
- `update-qa-cache`, defined in [`.gitlab/ci/qa.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/qa.gitlab-ci.yml).
- `update-assets-compile-production-cache`, defined in [`.gitlab/ci/frontend.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/frontend.gitlab-ci.yml).
- `update-assets-compile-test-cache`, defined in [`.gitlab/ci/frontend.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/frontend.gitlab-ci.yml).
- `update-yarn-cache`, defined in [`.gitlab/ci/frontend.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/frontend.gitlab-ci.yml).
- `update-storybook-yarn-cache`, defined in [`.gitlab/ci/frontend.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/frontend.gitlab-ci.yml).
1. These jobs can also be forced to run in merge requests with the `pipeline:update-cache` label (this can be useful to warm the caches in a MR that updates the cache keys).
### Artifacts strategy
We limit the artifacts that are saved and retrieved by jobs to the minimum in order to reduce the upload/download time and costs, as well as the artifacts storage.
### Pre-clone step
The `gitlab-org/gitlab` project on GitLab.com uses a [pre-clone step](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/39134)
to seed the project with a recent archive of the repository. This is done for
several reasons:
- It speeds up builds because a 800 MB download only takes seconds, as opposed to a full Git clone.
- It significantly reduces load on the file server, as smaller deltas mean less time spent in `git pack-objects`.
The pre-clone step works by using the `CI_PRE_CLONE_SCRIPT` variable
[defined by GitLab.com shared runners](../ci/runners/build_cloud/linux_build_cloud.md#pre-clone-script).
The `CI_PRE_CLONE_SCRIPT` is currently defined as a project CI/CD variable:
```shell
(
echo "Downloading archived master..."
wget -O /tmp/gitlab.tar.gz https://storage.googleapis.com/gitlab-ci-git-repo-cache/project-278964/gitlab-master-shallow.tar.gz
if [ ! -f /tmp/gitlab.tar.gz ]; then
echo "Repository cache not available, cloning a new directory..."
exit
fi
rm -rf $CI_PROJECT_DIR
echo "Extracting tarball into $CI_PROJECT_DIR..."
mkdir -p $CI_PROJECT_DIR
cd $CI_PROJECT_DIR
tar xzf /tmp/gitlab.tar.gz
rm -f /tmp/gitlab.tar.gz
chmod a+w $CI_PROJECT_DIR
)
```
The first step of the script downloads `gitlab-master.tar.gz` from
Google Cloud Storage. There is a [GitLab CI job named `cache-repo`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/.gitlab/ci/cache-repo.gitlab-ci.yml#L5)
that is responsible for keeping that archive up-to-date. Every two hours
on a scheduled pipeline, it does the following:
1. Creates a fresh clone of the `gitlab-org/gitlab` repository on GitLab.com.
1. Saves the data as a `.tar.gz`.
1. Uploads it into the Google Cloud Storage bucket.
When a CI job runs with this configuration, the output looks something like this:
```shell
$ eval "$CI_PRE_CLONE_SCRIPT"
Downloading archived master...
Extracting tarball into /builds/group/project...
Fetching changes...
Reinitialized existing Git repository in /builds/group/project/.git/
```
Note that the `Reinitialized existing Git repository` message shows that
the pre-clone step worked. The runner runs `git init`, which
overwrites the Git configuration with the appropriate settings to fetch
from the GitLab repository.
`CI_REPO_CACHE_CREDENTIALS` contains the Google Cloud service account
JSON for uploading to the `gitlab-ci-git-repo-cache` bucket. (If you're a
GitLab Team Member, find credentials in the
[GitLab shared 1Password account](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/security/#1password-for-teams).
Note that this bucket should be located in the same continent as the
runner, or [you can incur network egress charges](https://cloud.google.com/storage/pricing).
---
[Return to Development documentation](index.md)
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