moby--moby/libnetwork/ipam/allocator_test.go

package ipam

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"flag"
	"fmt"
	"math/rand"
	"net"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"strconv"
	"sync"
	"testing"
	"time"

	"github.com/docker/docker/libnetwork/bitseq"
	"github.com/docker/docker/libnetwork/datastore"
	"github.com/docker/docker/libnetwork/ipamapi"
	"github.com/docker/docker/libnetwork/types"
	"github.com/docker/libkv/store"
	"github.com/docker/libkv/store/boltdb"
	"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
	"gotest.tools/v3/assert"
	is "gotest.tools/v3/assert/cmp"
)

var (
	defaultPrefix = filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), "libnetwork", "test", "ipam")
)

func init() {
	boltdb.Register()
}

// OptionBoltdbWithRandomDBFile function returns a random dir for local store backend
func randomLocalStore(needStore bool) (datastore.DataStore, error) {
	if !needStore {
		return nil, nil
	}
	tmp, err := os.CreateTemp("", "libnetwork-")
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Error creating temp file: %v", err)
	}
	if err := tmp.Close(); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Error closing temp file: %v", err)
	}
	return datastore.NewDataStore(datastore.LocalScope, &datastore.ScopeCfg{
		Client: datastore.ScopeClientCfg{
			Provider: "boltdb",
			Address:  filepath.Join(defaultPrefix, filepath.Base(tmp.Name())),
			Config: &store.Config{
				Bucket:            "libnetwork",
				ConnectionTimeout: 3 * time.Second,
			},
		},
	})
}

func getAllocator(store bool) (*Allocator, error) {
	ds, err := randomLocalStore(store)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return NewAllocator(ds, nil)
}

func TestInt2IP2IntConversion(t *testing.T) {
	for i := uint64(0); i < 256*256*256; i++ {
		var array [4]byte // new array at each cycle
		addIntToIP(array[:], i)
		j := ipToUint64(array[:])
		if j != i {
			t.Fatalf("Failed to convert ordinal %d to IP % x and back to ordinal. Got %d", i, array, j)
		}
	}
}

func TestGetAddressVersion(t *testing.T) {
	if v4 != getAddressVersion(net.ParseIP("172.28.30.112")) {
		t.Fatal("Failed to detect IPv4 version")
	}
	if v4 != getAddressVersion(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.1")) {
		t.Fatal("Failed to detect IPv4 version")
	}
	if v6 != getAddressVersion(net.ParseIP("ff01::1")) {
		t.Fatal("Failed to detect IPv6 version")
	}
	if v6 != getAddressVersion(net.ParseIP("2001:db8::76:51")) {
		t.Fatal("Failed to detect IPv6 version")
	}
}

func TestKeyString(t *testing.T) {
	k := &SubnetKey{AddressSpace: "default", Subnet: "172.27.0.0/16"}
	expected := "default/172.27.0.0/16"
	if expected != k.String() {
		t.Fatalf("Unexpected key string: %s", k.String())
	}

	k2 := &SubnetKey{}
	err := k2.FromString(expected)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	if k2.AddressSpace != k.AddressSpace || k2.Subnet != k.Subnet {
		t.Fatalf("SubnetKey.FromString() failed. Expected %v. Got %v", k, k2)
	}

	expected = fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", expected, "172.27.3.0/24")
	k.ChildSubnet = "172.27.3.0/24"
	if expected != k.String() {
		t.Fatalf("Unexpected key string: %s", k.String())
	}

	err = k2.FromString(expected)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	if k2.AddressSpace != k.AddressSpace || k2.Subnet != k.Subnet || k2.ChildSubnet != k.ChildSubnet {
		t.Fatalf("SubnetKey.FromString() failed. Expected %v. Got %v", k, k2)
	}
}

func TestPoolDataMarshal(t *testing.T) {
	_, nw, err := net.ParseCIDR("172.28.30.1/24")
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	p := &PoolData{
		ParentKey: SubnetKey{AddressSpace: "Blue", Subnet: "172.28.0.0/16"},
		Pool:      nw,
		Range:     &AddressRange{Sub: &net.IPNet{IP: net.IP{172, 28, 20, 0}, Mask: net.IPMask{255, 255, 255, 0}}, Start: 0, End: 255},
		RefCount:  4,
	}

	ba, err := json.Marshal(p)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	var q PoolData
	err = json.Unmarshal(ba, &q)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	if p.ParentKey != q.ParentKey || !types.CompareIPNet(p.Range.Sub, q.Range.Sub) ||
		p.Range.Start != q.Range.Start || p.Range.End != q.Range.End || p.RefCount != q.RefCount ||
		!types.CompareIPNet(p.Pool, q.Pool) {
		t.Fatalf("\n%#v\n%#v", p, &q)
	}

	p = &PoolData{
		ParentKey: SubnetKey{AddressSpace: "Blue", Subnet: "172.28.0.0/16"},
		Pool:      nw,
		RefCount:  4,
	}

	ba, err = json.Marshal(p)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	err = json.Unmarshal(ba, &q)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	if q.Range != nil {
		t.Fatal("Unexpected Range")
	}
}

func TestSubnetsMarshal(t *testing.T) {
	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		pid0, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "192.168.0.0/16", "", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		pid1, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "192.169.0.0/16", "", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		_, _, err = a.RequestAddress(pid0, nil, nil)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		cfg, err := a.getAddrSpace(localAddressSpace)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		ba := cfg.Value()
		if err := cfg.SetValue(ba); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		expIP := &net.IPNet{IP: net.IP{192, 168, 0, 2}, Mask: net.IPMask{255, 255, 0, 0}}
		ip, _, err := a.RequestAddress(pid0, nil, nil)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(expIP, ip) {
			t.Fatalf("Got unexpected ip after pool config restore: %s", ip)
		}

		expIP = &net.IPNet{IP: net.IP{192, 169, 0, 1}, Mask: net.IPMask{255, 255, 0, 0}}
		ip, _, err = a.RequestAddress(pid1, nil, nil)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(expIP, ip) {
			t.Fatalf("Got unexpected ip after pool config restore: %s", ip)
		}
	}
}

func TestAddSubnets(t *testing.T) {
	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		a.addrSpaces["abc"] = a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace]

		pid0, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "10.0.0.0/8", "", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal("Unexpected failure in adding subnet")
		}

		pid1, _, _, err := a.RequestPool("abc", "10.0.0.0/8", "", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected failure in adding overlapping subnets to different address spaces: %v", err)
		}

		if pid0 == pid1 {
			t.Fatal("returned same pool id for same subnets in different namespaces")
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool("abc", "10.0.0.0/8", "", nil, false)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatalf("Expected failure requesting existing subnet")
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool("abc", "10.128.0.0/9", "", nil, false)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatal("Expected failure on adding overlapping base subnet")
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool("abc", "10.0.0.0/8", "10.128.0.0/9", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected failure on adding sub pool: %v", err)
		}
		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool("abc", "10.0.0.0/8", "10.128.0.0/9", nil, false)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatalf("Expected failure on adding overlapping sub pool")
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "10.20.2.0/24", "", nil, false)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatal("Failed to detect overlapping subnets")
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "10.128.0.0/9", "", nil, false)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatal("Failed to detect overlapping subnets")
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "1003:1:2:3:4:5:6::/112", "", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Failed to add v6 subnet: %s", err.Error())
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "1003:1:2:3::/64", "", nil, false)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatal("Failed to detect overlapping v6 subnet")
		}
	}
}

// TestDoublePoolRelease tests that releasing a pool which has already
// been released raises an error.
func TestDoublePoolRelease(t *testing.T) {
	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		pid0, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "10.0.0.0/8", "", nil, false)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		err = a.ReleasePool(pid0)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		err = a.ReleasePool(pid0)
		assert.Check(t, is.ErrorContains(err, ""))
	}
}

func TestAddReleasePoolID(t *testing.T) {
	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		var k0, k1 SubnetKey
		_, err = a.getAddrSpace(localAddressSpace)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		pid0, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "10.0.0.0/8", "", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal("Unexpected failure in adding pool")
		}
		if err := k0.FromString(pid0); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		aSpace, err := a.getAddrSpace(localAddressSpace)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		subnets := aSpace.subnets

		if subnets[k0].RefCount != 1 {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected ref count for %s: %d", k0, subnets[k0].RefCount)
		}

		pid1, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "10.0.0.0/8", "10.0.0.0/16", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal("Unexpected failure in adding sub pool")
		}
		if err := k1.FromString(pid1); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		if pid0 == pid1 {
			t.Fatalf("Incorrect poolIDs returned %s, %s", pid0, pid1)
		}

		aSpace, err = a.getAddrSpace(localAddressSpace)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		subnets = aSpace.subnets
		if subnets[k1].RefCount != 1 {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected ref count for %s: %d", k1, subnets[k1].RefCount)
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "10.0.0.0/8", "10.0.0.0/16", nil, false)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatal("Expected failure in adding sub pool")
		}

		aSpace, err = a.getAddrSpace(localAddressSpace)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		subnets = aSpace.subnets

		if subnets[k0].RefCount != 2 {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected ref count for %s: %d", k0, subnets[k0].RefCount)
		}

		if err := a.ReleasePool(pid1); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		aSpace, err = a.getAddrSpace(localAddressSpace)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		subnets = aSpace.subnets
		if subnets[k0].RefCount != 1 {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected ref count for %s: %d", k0, subnets[k0].RefCount)
		}
		if err := a.ReleasePool(pid0); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		pid00, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "10.0.0.0/8", "", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal("Unexpected failure in adding pool")
		}
		if pid00 != pid0 {
			t.Fatal("main pool should still exist")
		}

		aSpace, err = a.getAddrSpace(localAddressSpace)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		subnets = aSpace.subnets
		if subnets[k0].RefCount != 1 {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected ref count for %s: %d", k0, subnets[k0].RefCount)
		}

		if err := a.ReleasePool(pid00); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		aSpace, err = a.getAddrSpace(localAddressSpace)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		subnets = aSpace.subnets
		if bp, ok := subnets[k0]; ok {
			t.Fatalf("Base pool %s is still present: %v", k0, bp)
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "10.0.0.0/8", "", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal("Unexpected failure in adding pool")
		}

		aSpace, err = a.getAddrSpace(localAddressSpace)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		subnets = aSpace.subnets
		if subnets[k0].RefCount != 1 {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected ref count for %s: %d", k0, subnets[k0].RefCount)
		}
	}
}

func TestPredefinedPool(t *testing.T) {
	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		if _, err := a.getPredefinedPool("blue", false); err == nil {
			t.Fatal("Expected failure for non default addr space")
		}

		pid, nw, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "", "", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		nw2, err := a.getPredefinedPool(localAddressSpace, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if types.CompareIPNet(nw, nw2) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected default network returned: %s = %s", nw2, nw)
		}

		if err := a.ReleasePool(pid); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}
}

func TestRemoveSubnet(t *testing.T) {
	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		a.addrSpaces["splane"] = &addrSpace{
			id:      dsConfigKey + "/" + "splane",
			ds:      a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].ds,
			alloc:   a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].alloc,
			scope:   a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].scope,
			subnets: map[SubnetKey]*PoolData{},
		}

		input := []struct {
			addrSpace string
			subnet    string
			v6        bool
		}{
			{localAddressSpace, "192.168.0.0/16", false},
			{localAddressSpace, "172.17.0.0/16", false},
			{localAddressSpace, "10.0.0.0/8", false},
			{localAddressSpace, "2001:db8:1:2:3:4:ffff::/112", false},
			{"splane", "172.17.0.0/16", false},
			{"splane", "10.0.0.0/8", false},
			{"splane", "2001:db8:1:2:3:4:5::/112", true},
			{"splane", "2001:db8:1:2:3:4:ffff::/112", true},
		}

		poolIDs := make([]string, len(input))

		for ind, i := range input {
			if poolIDs[ind], _, _, err = a.RequestPool(i.addrSpace, i.subnet, "", nil, i.v6); err != nil {
				t.Fatalf("Failed to apply input. Can't proceed: %s", err.Error())
			}
		}

		for ind, id := range poolIDs {
			if err := a.ReleasePool(id); err != nil {
				t.Fatalf("Failed to release poolID %s (%d)", id, ind)
			}
		}
	}
}

func TestGetSameAddress(t *testing.T) {
	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		a.addrSpaces["giallo"] = &addrSpace{
			id:      dsConfigKey + "/" + "giallo",
			ds:      a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].ds,
			alloc:   a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].alloc,
			scope:   a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].scope,
			subnets: map[SubnetKey]*PoolData{},
		}

		pid, _, _, err := a.RequestPool("giallo", "192.168.100.0/24", "", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		ip := net.ParseIP("192.168.100.250")
		_, _, err = a.RequestAddress(pid, ip, nil)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		_, _, err = a.RequestAddress(pid, ip, nil)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}
}

func TestPoolAllocationReuse(t *testing.T) {
	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		// First get all pools until they are exhausted to
		pList := []string{}
		pool, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "", "", nil, false)
		for err == nil {
			pList = append(pList, pool)
			pool, _, _, err = a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "", "", nil, false)
		}
		nPools := len(pList)
		for _, pool := range pList {
			if err := a.ReleasePool(pool); err != nil {
				t.Fatal(err)
			}
		}

		// Now try to allocate then free nPool pools sequentially.
		// Verify that we don't see any repeat networks even though
		// we have freed them.
		seen := map[string]bool{}
		for i := 0; i < nPools; i++ {
			pool, nw, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "", "", nil, false)
			if err != nil {
				t.Fatal(err)
			}
			if _, ok := seen[nw.String()]; ok {
				t.Fatalf("Network %s was reused before exhausing the pool list", nw.String())
			}
			seen[nw.String()] = true
			if err := a.ReleasePool(pool); err != nil {
				t.Fatal(err)
			}
		}
	}
}

func TestGetAddressSubPoolEqualPool(t *testing.T) {
	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		// Requesting a subpool of same size of the master pool should not cause any problem on ip allocation
		pid, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "172.18.0.0/16", "172.18.0.0/16", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		_, _, err = a.RequestAddress(pid, nil, nil)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}
}

func TestRequestReleaseAddressFromSubPool(t *testing.T) {
	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		a.addrSpaces["rosso"] = &addrSpace{
			id:      dsConfigKey + "/" + "rosso",
			ds:      a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].ds,
			alloc:   a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].alloc,
			scope:   a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].scope,
			subnets: map[SubnetKey]*PoolData{},
		}

		poolID, _, _, err := a.RequestPool("rosso", "172.28.0.0/16", "172.28.30.0/24", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		var ip *net.IPNet
		expected := &net.IPNet{IP: net.IP{172, 28, 30, 255}, Mask: net.IPMask{255, 255, 0, 0}}
		for err == nil {
			var c *net.IPNet
			if c, _, err = a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, nil); err == nil {
				ip = c
			}
		}
		if err != ipamapi.ErrNoAvailableIPs {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(expected, ip) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected last IP from subpool. Expected: %s. Got: %v.", expected, ip)
		}
		rp := &net.IPNet{IP: net.IP{172, 28, 30, 97}, Mask: net.IPMask{255, 255, 0, 0}}
		if err = a.ReleaseAddress(poolID, rp.IP); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if ip, _, err = a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, nil); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(rp, ip) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected IP from subpool. Expected: %s. Got: %v.", rp, ip)
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool("rosso", "10.0.0.0/8", "10.0.0.0/16", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		poolID, _, _, err = a.RequestPool("rosso", "10.0.0.0/16", "10.0.0.0/24", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		expected = &net.IPNet{IP: net.IP{10, 0, 0, 255}, Mask: net.IPMask{255, 255, 0, 0}}
		for err == nil {
			var c *net.IPNet
			if c, _, err = a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, nil); err == nil {
				ip = c
			}
		}
		if err != ipamapi.ErrNoAvailableIPs {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(expected, ip) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected last IP from subpool. Expected: %s. Got: %v.", expected, ip)
		}
		rp = &net.IPNet{IP: net.IP{10, 0, 0, 79}, Mask: net.IPMask{255, 255, 0, 0}}
		if err = a.ReleaseAddress(poolID, rp.IP); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if ip, _, err = a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, nil); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(rp, ip) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected IP from subpool. Expected: %s. Got: %v.", rp, ip)
		}

		// Request any addresses from subpool after explicit address request
		unoExp, _ := types.ParseCIDR("10.2.2.0/16")
		dueExp, _ := types.ParseCIDR("10.2.2.2/16")
		treExp, _ := types.ParseCIDR("10.2.2.1/16")

		if poolID, _, _, err = a.RequestPool("rosso", "10.2.0.0/16", "10.2.2.0/24", nil, false); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		tre, _, err := a.RequestAddress(poolID, treExp.IP, nil)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(tre, treExp) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected address: %v", tre)
		}

		uno, _, err := a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, nil)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(uno, unoExp) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected address: %v", uno)
		}

		due, _, err := a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, nil)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(due, dueExp) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected address: %v", due)
		}

		if err = a.ReleaseAddress(poolID, uno.IP); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		uno, _, err = a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, nil)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(uno, unoExp) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected address: %v", uno)
		}

		if err = a.ReleaseAddress(poolID, tre.IP); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		tre, _, err = a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, nil)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(tre, treExp) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected address: %v", tre)
		}
	}
}

func TestSerializeRequestReleaseAddressFromSubPool(t *testing.T) {
	opts := map[string]string{
		ipamapi.AllocSerialPrefix: "true"}
	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		a.addrSpaces["rosso"] = &addrSpace{
			id:      dsConfigKey + "/" + "rosso",
			ds:      a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].ds,
			alloc:   a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].alloc,
			scope:   a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].scope,
			subnets: map[SubnetKey]*PoolData{},
		}

		poolID, _, _, err := a.RequestPool("rosso", "172.28.0.0/16", "172.28.30.0/24", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		var ip *net.IPNet
		expected := &net.IPNet{IP: net.IP{172, 28, 30, 255}, Mask: net.IPMask{255, 255, 0, 0}}
		for err == nil {
			var c *net.IPNet
			if c, _, err = a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, opts); err == nil {
				ip = c
			}
		}
		if err != ipamapi.ErrNoAvailableIPs {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(expected, ip) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected last IP from subpool. Expected: %s. Got: %v.", expected, ip)
		}
		rp := &net.IPNet{IP: net.IP{172, 28, 30, 97}, Mask: net.IPMask{255, 255, 0, 0}}
		if err = a.ReleaseAddress(poolID, rp.IP); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if ip, _, err = a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, opts); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(rp, ip) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected IP from subpool. Expected: %s. Got: %v.", rp, ip)
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool("rosso", "10.0.0.0/8", "10.0.0.0/16", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		poolID, _, _, err = a.RequestPool("rosso", "10.0.0.0/16", "10.0.0.0/24", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		expected = &net.IPNet{IP: net.IP{10, 0, 0, 255}, Mask: net.IPMask{255, 255, 0, 0}}
		for err == nil {
			var c *net.IPNet
			if c, _, err = a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, opts); err == nil {
				ip = c
			}
		}
		if err != ipamapi.ErrNoAvailableIPs {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(expected, ip) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected last IP from subpool. Expected: %s. Got: %v.", expected, ip)
		}
		rp = &net.IPNet{IP: net.IP{10, 0, 0, 79}, Mask: net.IPMask{255, 255, 0, 0}}
		if err = a.ReleaseAddress(poolID, rp.IP); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if ip, _, err = a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, opts); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(rp, ip) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected IP from subpool. Expected: %s. Got: %v.", rp, ip)
		}

		// Request any addresses from subpool after explicit address request
		unoExp, _ := types.ParseCIDR("10.2.2.0/16")
		dueExp, _ := types.ParseCIDR("10.2.2.2/16")
		treExp, _ := types.ParseCIDR("10.2.2.1/16")
		quaExp, _ := types.ParseCIDR("10.2.2.3/16")
		fivExp, _ := types.ParseCIDR("10.2.2.4/16")
		if poolID, _, _, err = a.RequestPool("rosso", "10.2.0.0/16", "10.2.2.0/24", nil, false); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		tre, _, err := a.RequestAddress(poolID, treExp.IP, opts)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(tre, treExp) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected address: %v", tre)
		}

		uno, _, err := a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, opts)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(uno, unoExp) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected address: %v", uno)
		}

		due, _, err := a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, opts)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(due, dueExp) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected address: %v", due)
		}

		if err = a.ReleaseAddress(poolID, uno.IP); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		uno, _, err = a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, opts)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(uno, quaExp) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected address: %v", uno)
		}

		if err = a.ReleaseAddress(poolID, tre.IP); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		tre, _, err = a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, opts)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		if !types.CompareIPNet(tre, fivExp) {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected address: %v", tre)
		}
	}
}

func TestGetAddress(t *testing.T) {
	input := []string{
		/*"10.0.0.0/8", "10.0.0.0/9", "10.0.0.0/10",*/ "10.0.0.0/11", "10.0.0.0/12", "10.0.0.0/13", "10.0.0.0/14",
		"10.0.0.0/15", "10.0.0.0/16", "10.0.0.0/17", "10.0.0.0/18", "10.0.0.0/19", "10.0.0.0/20", "10.0.0.0/21",
		"10.0.0.0/22", "10.0.0.0/23", "10.0.0.0/24", "10.0.0.0/25", "10.0.0.0/26", "10.0.0.0/27", "10.0.0.0/28",
		"10.0.0.0/29", "10.0.0.0/30", "10.0.0.0/31"}

	for _, subnet := range input {
		assertGetAddress(t, subnet)
	}
}

func TestRequestSyntaxCheck(t *testing.T) {
	var (
		pool    = "192.168.0.0/16"
		subPool = "192.168.0.0/24"
		as      = "green"
	)

	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		a.addrSpaces[as] = &addrSpace{
			id:      dsConfigKey + "/" + as,
			ds:      a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].ds,
			alloc:   a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].alloc,
			scope:   a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].scope,
			subnets: map[SubnetKey]*PoolData{},
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool("", pool, "", nil, false)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatal("Failed to detect wrong request: empty address space")
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool("", pool, subPool, nil, false)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatal("Failed to detect wrong request: empty address space")
		}

		_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool(as, "", subPool, nil, false)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatal("Failed to detect wrong request: subPool specified and no pool")
		}

		pid, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(as, pool, subPool, nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected failure: %v", err)
		}

		_, _, err = a.RequestAddress("", nil, nil)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatal("Failed to detect wrong request: no pool id specified")
		}

		ip := net.ParseIP("172.17.0.23")
		_, _, err = a.RequestAddress(pid, ip, nil)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatal("Failed to detect wrong request: requested IP from different subnet")
		}

		ip = net.ParseIP("192.168.0.50")
		_, _, err = a.RequestAddress(pid, ip, nil)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected failure: %v", err)
		}

		err = a.ReleaseAddress("", ip)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatal("Failed to detect wrong request: no pool id specified")
		}

		err = a.ReleaseAddress(pid, nil)
		if err == nil {
			t.Fatal("Failed to detect wrong request: no pool id specified")
		}

		err = a.ReleaseAddress(pid, ip)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected failure: %v: %s, %s", err, pid, ip)
		}
	}
}

func TestRequest(t *testing.T) {
	// Request N addresses from different size subnets, verifying last request
	// returns expected address. Internal subnet host size is Allocator's default, 16
	input := []struct {
		subnet string
		numReq int
		lastIP string
	}{
		{"192.168.59.0/24", 254, "192.168.59.254"},
		{"192.168.240.0/20", 255, "192.168.240.255"},
		{"192.168.0.0/16", 255, "192.168.0.255"},
		{"192.168.0.0/16", 256, "192.168.1.0"},
		{"10.16.0.0/16", 255, "10.16.0.255"},
		{"10.128.0.0/12", 255, "10.128.0.255"},
		{"10.0.0.0/8", 256, "10.0.1.0"},

		{"192.168.128.0/18", 4*256 - 1, "192.168.131.255"},
		/*
			{"192.168.240.0/20", 16*256 - 2, "192.168.255.254"},

			{"192.168.0.0/16", 256*256 - 2, "192.168.255.254"},
			{"10.0.0.0/8", 2 * 256, "10.0.2.0"},
			{"10.0.0.0/8", 5 * 256, "10.0.5.0"},
			{"10.0.0.0/8", 100 * 256 * 254, "10.99.255.254"},
		*/
	}

	for _, d := range input {
		assertNRequests(t, d.subnet, d.numReq, d.lastIP)
	}
}

// TestOverlappingRequests tests that overlapping subnets cannot be allocated.
// Requests for subnets which are supersets or subsets of existing allocations,
// or which overlap at the beginning or end, should not be permitted.
func TestOverlappingRequests(t *testing.T) {
	input := []struct {
		environment []string
		subnet      string
		ok          bool
	}{
		// IPv4
		// Previously allocated network does not overlap with request
		{[]string{"10.0.0.0/8"}, "11.0.0.0/8", true},
		{[]string{"74.0.0.0/7"}, "9.111.99.72/30", true},
		{[]string{"110.192.0.0/10"}, "16.0.0.0/10", true},

		// Previously allocated network entirely contains request
		{[]string{"10.0.0.0/8"}, "10.0.0.0/8", false}, // exact overlap
		{[]string{"0.0.0.0/1"}, "16.182.0.0/15", false},
		{[]string{"16.0.0.0/4"}, "17.11.66.0/23", false},

		// Previously allocated network overlaps beginning of request
		{[]string{"0.0.0.0/1"}, "0.0.0.0/0", false},
		{[]string{"64.0.0.0/6"}, "64.0.0.0/3", false},
		{[]string{"112.0.0.0/6"}, "112.0.0.0/4", false},

		// Previously allocated network overlaps end of request
		{[]string{"96.0.0.0/3"}, "0.0.0.0/1", false},
		{[]string{"192.0.0.0/2"}, "128.0.0.0/1", false},
		{[]string{"95.0.0.0/8"}, "92.0.0.0/6", false},

		// Previously allocated network entirely contained within request
		{[]string{"10.0.0.0/8"}, "10.0.0.0/6", false}, // non-canonical
		{[]string{"10.0.0.0/8"}, "8.0.0.0/6", false},  // canonical
		{[]string{"25.173.144.0/20"}, "0.0.0.0/0", false},

		// IPv6
		// Previously allocated network entirely contains request
		{[]string{"::/0"}, "f656:3484:c878:a05:e540:a6ed:4d70:3740/123", false},
		{[]string{"8000::/1"}, "8fe8:e7c4:5779::/49", false},
		{[]string{"f000::/4"}, "ffc7:6000::/19", false},

		// Previously allocated network overlaps beginning of request
		{[]string{"::/2"}, "::/0", false},
		{[]string{"::/3"}, "::/1", false},
		{[]string{"::/6"}, "::/5", false},

		// Previously allocated network overlaps end of request
		{[]string{"c000::/2"}, "8000::/1", false},
		{[]string{"7c00::/6"}, "::/1", false},
		{[]string{"cf80::/9"}, "c000::/4", false},

		// Previously allocated network entirely contained within request
		{[]string{"ff77:93f8::/29"}, "::/0", false},
		{[]string{"9287:2e20:5134:fab6:9061:a0c6:bfe3:9400/119"}, "8000::/1", false},
		{[]string{"3ea1:bfa9:8691:d1c6:8c46:519b:db6d:e700/120"}, "3000::/4", false},
	}

	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		for _, tc := range input {
			a, err := getAllocator(store)
			assert.NilError(t, err)

			// Set up some existing allocations.  This should always succeed.
			for _, env := range tc.environment {
				_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, env, "", nil, false)
				assert.NilError(t, err)
			}

			// Make the test allocation.
			_, _, _, err = a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, tc.subnet, "", nil, false)
			if tc.ok {
				assert.NilError(t, err)
			} else {
				assert.Check(t, is.ErrorContains(err, ""))
			}
		}
	}
}

func TestUnusualSubnets(t *testing.T) {
	subnet := "192.168.0.2/31"

	outsideTheRangeAddresses := []struct {
		address string
	}{
		{"192.168.0.1"},
		{"192.168.0.4"},
		{"192.168.0.100"},
	}

	expectedAddresses := []struct {
		address string
	}{
		{"192.168.0.2"},
		{"192.168.0.3"},
	}

	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		allocator, err := getAllocator(store)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		//
		// IPv4 /31 blocks.  See RFC 3021.
		//

		pool, _, _, err := allocator.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, subnet, "", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		// Outside-the-range

		for _, outside := range outsideTheRangeAddresses {
			_, _, errx := allocator.RequestAddress(pool, net.ParseIP(outside.address), nil)
			if errx != ipamapi.ErrIPOutOfRange {
				t.Fatalf("Address %s failed to throw expected error: %s", outside.address, errx.Error())
			}
		}

		// Should get just these two IPs followed by exhaustion on the next request

		for _, expected := range expectedAddresses {
			got, _, errx := allocator.RequestAddress(pool, nil, nil)
			if errx != nil {
				t.Fatalf("Failed to obtain the address: %s", errx.Error())
			}
			expectedIP := net.ParseIP(expected.address)
			gotIP := got.IP
			if !gotIP.Equal(expectedIP) {
				t.Fatalf("Failed to obtain sequentialaddress. Expected: %s, Got: %s", expectedIP, gotIP)
			}
		}

		_, _, err = allocator.RequestAddress(pool, nil, nil)
		if err != ipamapi.ErrNoAvailableIPs {
			t.Fatal("Did not get expected error when pool is exhausted.")
		}
	}
}

func TestRelease(t *testing.T) {
	var (
		subnet = "192.168.0.0/23"
	)

	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		pid, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, subnet, "", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		// Allocate all addresses
		for err != ipamapi.ErrNoAvailableIPs {
			_, _, err = a.RequestAddress(pid, nil, nil)
		}

		toRelease := []struct {
			address string
		}{
			{"192.168.0.1"},
			{"192.168.0.2"},
			{"192.168.0.3"},
			{"192.168.0.4"},
			{"192.168.0.5"},
			{"192.168.0.6"},
			{"192.168.0.7"},
			{"192.168.0.8"},
			{"192.168.0.9"},
			{"192.168.0.10"},
			{"192.168.0.30"},
			{"192.168.0.31"},
			{"192.168.1.32"},

			{"192.168.0.254"},
			{"192.168.1.1"},
			{"192.168.1.2"},

			{"192.168.1.3"},

			{"192.168.1.253"},
			{"192.168.1.254"},
		}

		// One by one, release the address and request again. We should get the same IP
		for i, inp := range toRelease {
			ip0 := net.ParseIP(inp.address)
			a.ReleaseAddress(pid, ip0)
			bm := a.addresses[SubnetKey{localAddressSpace, subnet, ""}]
			if bm.Unselected() != 1 {
				t.Fatalf("Failed to update free address count after release. Expected %d, Found: %d", i+1, bm.Unselected())
			}

			nw, _, err := a.RequestAddress(pid, nil, nil)
			if err != nil {
				t.Fatalf("Failed to obtain the address: %s", err.Error())
			}
			ip := nw.IP
			if !ip0.Equal(ip) {
				t.Fatalf("Failed to obtain the same address. Expected: %s, Got: %s", ip0, ip)
			}
		}
	}
}

func assertGetAddress(t *testing.T, subnet string) {
	var (
		err       error
		printTime = false
		a         = &Allocator{}
	)

	_, sub, _ := net.ParseCIDR(subnet)
	ones, bits := sub.Mask.Size()
	zeroes := bits - ones
	numAddresses := 1 << uint(zeroes)

	bm, err := bitseq.NewHandle("ipam_test", nil, "default/"+subnet, uint64(numAddresses))
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	start := time.Now()
	run := 0
	for err != ipamapi.ErrNoAvailableIPs {
		_, err = a.getAddress(sub, bm, nil, nil, false)
		run++
	}
	if printTime {
		fmt.Printf("\nTaken %v, to allocate all addresses on %s. (nemAddresses: %d. Runs: %d)", time.Since(start), subnet, numAddresses, run)
	}
	if bm.Unselected() != 0 {
		t.Fatalf("Unexpected free count after reserving all addresses: %d", bm.Unselected())
	}
	/*
		if bm.Head.Block != expectedMax || bm.Head.Count != numBlocks {
			t.Fatalf("Failed to effectively reserve all addresses on %s. Expected (0x%x, %d) as first sequence. Found (0x%x,%d)",
				subnet, expectedMax, numBlocks, bm.Head.Block, bm.Head.Count)
		}
	*/
}

func assertNRequests(t *testing.T, subnet string, numReq int, lastExpectedIP string) {
	var (
		nw        *net.IPNet
		printTime = false
	)

	lastIP := net.ParseIP(lastExpectedIP)
	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		a, err := getAllocator(store)
		assert.NilError(t, err)

		pid, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, subnet, "", nil, false)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}

		i := 0
		start := time.Now()
		for ; i < numReq; i++ {
			nw, _, err = a.RequestAddress(pid, nil, nil)
		}
		if printTime {
			fmt.Printf("\nTaken %v, to allocate %d addresses on %s\n", time.Since(start), numReq, subnet)
		}

		if !lastIP.Equal(nw.IP) {
			t.Fatalf("Wrong last IP. Expected %s. Got: %s (err: %v, ind: %d)", lastExpectedIP, nw.IP.String(), err, i)
		}
	}
}

func benchmarkRequest(b *testing.B, a *Allocator, subnet string) {
	pid, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, subnet, "", nil, false)
	for err != ipamapi.ErrNoAvailableIPs {
		_, _, err = a.RequestAddress(pid, nil, nil)
	}
}

func BenchmarkRequest(b *testing.B) {
	subnets := []string{
		"10.0.0.0/24",
		"10.0.0.0/16",
		"10.0.0.0/8",
	}

	for _, subnet := range subnets {
		name := fmt.Sprintf("%vSubnet", subnet)
		b.Run(name, func(b *testing.B) {
			a, _ := getAllocator(true)
			benchmarkRequest(b, a, subnet)
		})
	}
}

func TestAllocateRandomDeallocate(t *testing.T) {
	for _, store := range []bool{false, true} {
		testAllocateRandomDeallocate(t, "172.25.0.0/16", "", 384, store)
		testAllocateRandomDeallocate(t, "172.25.0.0/16", "172.25.252.0/22", 384, store)
	}
}

func testAllocateRandomDeallocate(t *testing.T, pool, subPool string, num int, store bool) {
	ds, err := randomLocalStore(store)
	assert.NilError(t, err)

	a, err := NewAllocator(ds, nil)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	pid, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, pool, subPool, nil, false)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	// Allocate num ip addresses
	indices := make(map[int]*net.IPNet, num)
	allocated := make(map[string]bool, num)
	for i := 0; i < num; i++ {
		ip, _, err := a.RequestAddress(pid, nil, nil)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		ips := ip.String()
		if _, ok := allocated[ips]; ok {
			t.Fatalf("Address %s is already allocated", ips)
		}
		allocated[ips] = true
		indices[i] = ip
	}
	if len(indices) != len(allocated) || len(indices) != num {
		t.Fatalf("Unexpected number of allocated addresses: (%d,%d).", len(indices), len(allocated))
	}

	seed := time.Now().Unix()
	rand.Seed(seed)

	// Deallocate half of the allocated addresses following a random pattern
	pattern := rand.Perm(num)
	for i := 0; i < num/2; i++ {
		idx := pattern[i]
		ip := indices[idx]
		err := a.ReleaseAddress(pid, ip.IP)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Unexpected failure on deallocation of %s: %v.\nSeed: %d.", ip, err, seed)
		}
		delete(indices, idx)
		delete(allocated, ip.String())
	}

	// Request a quarter of addresses
	for i := 0; i < num/2; i++ {
		ip, _, err := a.RequestAddress(pid, nil, nil)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		ips := ip.String()
		if _, ok := allocated[ips]; ok {
			t.Fatalf("\nAddress %s is already allocated.\nSeed: %d.", ips, seed)
		}
		allocated[ips] = true
	}
	if len(allocated) != num {
		t.Fatalf("Unexpected number of allocated addresses: %d.\nSeed: %d.", len(allocated), seed)
	}
}

func TestRetrieveFromStore(t *testing.T) {
	num := 200
	ds, err := randomLocalStore(true)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	a, err := NewAllocator(ds, nil)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	pid, _, _, err := a.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "172.25.0.0/16", "", nil, false)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	for i := 0; i < num; i++ {
		if _, _, err := a.RequestAddress(pid, nil, nil); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}

	// Restore
	a1, err := NewAllocator(ds, nil)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	a1.refresh(localAddressSpace)
	db := a.DumpDatabase()
	db1 := a1.DumpDatabase()
	if db != db1 {
		t.Fatalf("Unexpected db change.\nExpected:%s\nGot:%s", db, db1)
	}
	checkDBEquality(a, a1, t)
	pid, _, _, err = a1.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "172.25.0.0/16", "172.25.1.0/24", nil, false)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	for i := 0; i < num/2; i++ {
		if _, _, err := a1.RequestAddress(pid, nil, nil); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}

	// Restore
	a2, err := NewAllocator(ds, nil)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	a2.refresh(localAddressSpace)
	checkDBEquality(a1, a2, t)
	pid, _, _, err = a2.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "172.25.0.0/16", "172.25.2.0/24", nil, false)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	for i := 0; i < num/2; i++ {
		if _, _, err := a2.RequestAddress(pid, nil, nil); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}

	// Restore
	a3, err := NewAllocator(ds, nil)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	a3.refresh(localAddressSpace)
	checkDBEquality(a2, a3, t)
	pid, _, _, err = a3.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "172.26.0.0/16", "", nil, false)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	for i := 0; i < num/2; i++ {
		if _, _, err := a3.RequestAddress(pid, nil, nil); err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
	}

	// Restore
	a4, err := NewAllocator(ds, nil)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	a4.refresh(localAddressSpace)
	checkDBEquality(a3, a4, t)
}

func checkDBEquality(a1, a2 *Allocator, t *testing.T) {
	for k, cnf1 := range a1.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].subnets {
		cnf2 := a2.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].subnets[k]
		if cnf1.String() != cnf2.String() {
			t.Fatalf("%s\n%s", cnf1, cnf2)
		}
		if cnf1.Range == nil {
			a2.retrieveBitmask(k, cnf1.Pool)
		}
	}

	for k, bm1 := range a1.addresses {
		bm2 := a2.addresses[k]
		if bm1.String() != bm2.String() {
			t.Fatalf("%s\n%s", bm1, bm2)
		}
	}
}

const (
	numInstances = 5
	first        = 0
	last         = numInstances - 1
)

var (
	allocator *Allocator
	start     = make(chan struct{})
	done      = make(chan chan struct{}, numInstances-1)
	pools     = make([]*net.IPNet, numInstances)
)

func runParallelTests(t *testing.T, instance int) {
	var err error

	t.Parallel()

	pTest := flag.Lookup("test.parallel")
	if pTest == nil {
		t.Skip("Skipped because test.parallel flag not set;")
	}
	numParallel, err := strconv.Atoi(pTest.Value.String())
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	if numParallel < numInstances {
		t.Skip("Skipped because t.parallel was less than ", numInstances)
	}

	// The first instance creates the allocator, gives the start
	// and finally checks the pools each instance was assigned
	if instance == first {
		allocator, err = getAllocator(true)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatal(err)
		}
		close(start)
	}

	if instance != first {
		<-start
		instDone := make(chan struct{})
		done <- instDone
		defer close(instDone)

		if instance == last {
			defer close(done)
		}
	}

	_, pools[instance], _, err = allocator.RequestPool(localAddressSpace, "", "", nil, false)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	if instance == first {
		for instDone := range done {
			<-instDone
		}
		// Now check each instance got a different pool
		for i := 0; i < numInstances; i++ {
			for j := i + 1; j < numInstances; j++ {
				if types.CompareIPNet(pools[i], pools[j]) {
					t.Fatalf("Instance %d and %d were given the same predefined pool: %v", i, j, pools)
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

func TestRequestReleaseAddressDuplicate(t *testing.T) {
	a, err := getAllocator(false)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	type IP struct {
		ip  *net.IPNet
		ref int
	}
	ips := []IP{}
	allocatedIPs := []*net.IPNet{}
	a.addrSpaces["rosso"] = &addrSpace{
		id:      dsConfigKey + "/" + "rosso",
		ds:      a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].ds,
		alloc:   a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].alloc,
		scope:   a.addrSpaces[localAddressSpace].scope,
		subnets: map[SubnetKey]*PoolData{},
	}

	opts := map[string]string{
		ipamapi.AllocSerialPrefix: "true",
	}
	var l sync.Mutex

	poolID, _, _, err := a.RequestPool("rosso", "198.168.0.0/23", "", nil, false)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	group := new(errgroup.Group)
	for err == nil {
		var c *net.IPNet
		if c, _, err = a.RequestAddress(poolID, nil, opts); err == nil {
			l.Lock()
			ips = append(ips, IP{c, 1})
			l.Unlock()
			allocatedIPs = append(allocatedIPs, c)
			if len(allocatedIPs) > 500 {
				i := rand.Intn(len(allocatedIPs) - 1)
				ip := allocatedIPs[i]
				group.Go(func() error {
					if err = a.ReleaseAddress(poolID, ip.IP); err != nil {
						return err
					}
					l.Lock()
					ips = append(ips, IP{ip, -1})
					l.Unlock()
					return nil
				})

				allocatedIPs = append(allocatedIPs[:i], allocatedIPs[i+1:]...)
			}
		}
	}

	if err := group.Wait(); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	refMap := make(map[string]int)
	for _, ip := range ips {
		refMap[ip.ip.String()] = refMap[ip.ip.String()] + ip.ref
		if refMap[ip.ip.String()] < 0 {
			t.Fatalf("IP %s was previously released", ip.ip.String())
		}
		if refMap[ip.ip.String()] > 1 {
			t.Fatalf("IP %s was previously allocated", ip.ip.String())
		}
	}
}

func TestParallelPredefinedRequest1(t *testing.T) {
	runParallelTests(t, 0)
}

func TestParallelPredefinedRequest2(t *testing.T) {
	runParallelTests(t, 1)
}

func TestParallelPredefinedRequest3(t *testing.T) {
	runParallelTests(t, 2)
}

func TestParallelPredefinedRequest4(t *testing.T) {
	runParallelTests(t, 3)
}

func TestParallelPredefinedRequest5(t *testing.T) {
	runParallelTests(t, 4)
}